MENAKLUKKAN PUNCAK, MERUNTUHKAN STEREOTIP: KONSTRUKSI GENDER ALPINIS PEREMPUAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15408/harkat.v22i1.53287Keywords:
gender construction, professionalism, risk management, women alpinists , alpinis perempuan, konstruksi gender, manajemen risiko, profesionalismeAbstract
Abstract. This study examines how four experienced Indonesian women alpinists negotiate gendered expectations through professional legitimacy and risk-management practices. It asks how courage, caution, competence, and authority are interpreted in a field historically associated with masculinity. The study uses an interpretive qualitative design. Data were collected through semi-structured online interviews conducted from February to March 2026. Interview transcripts were examined through abductive thematic analysis. Oakley’s view of gender as a social construction guided the interpretation, while House and Johnston’s account of training and decision-making in alpinism served as a practical reference. Three related patterns were identified. First, the participants distinguished courage from recklessness and linked it to knowledge. Second, they built legitimacy through field performance and technical preparation. Ethical consistency and selective use of social media also supported this process. Third, they treated risk management as an iterative practice. It covered hazard identification and assessment. It also included decision-making, mitigation, and post-expedition evaluation. These findings do not indicate that women are inherently more cautious. Instead, the participants reworked a gendered label of caution into an account of professional judgment. The study shows how gender, professional experience, and communication practices intersect in Indonesian mountaineering.
Abstrak. Penelitian ini mengkaji cara empat alpinis perempuan berpengalaman di Indonesia menegosiasikan harapan gender melalui legitimasi profesional dan praktik manajemen risiko. Penelitian berfokus pada pemaknaan keberanian, kehati-hatian, kompetensi, dan otoritas dalam ruang yang secara historis diasosiasikan dengan maskulinitas. Penelitian menggunakan desain kualitatif interpretatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara daring semi-terstruktur pada Februari–Maret 2026. Transkrip wawancara dianalisis dengan analisis tematik abduktif. Pandangan Oakley mengenai gender sebagai konstruksi sosial digunakan untuk menafsirkan pengalaman informan. Uraian House dan Johnston tentang latihan serta pengambilan keputusan dalam alpinisme digunakan sebagai rujukan praktis. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan tiga pola yang saling berhubungan. Pertama, informan membedakan keberanian dari tindakan nekat dan mengaitkannya dengan pengetahuan. Kedua, mereka membangun legitimasi melalui performa lapangan dan persiapan teknis. Konsistensi etis serta penggunaan media sosial secara selektif juga mendukung proses tersebut. Ketiga, mereka menjalankan manajemen risiko sebagai proses berulang. Proses itu meliputi identifikasi bahaya dan penilaian. Pengambilan keputusan, mitigasi, dan evaluasi pascapendakian menjadi tahap berikutnya. Temuan ini tidak menunjukkan bahwa perempuan secara alamiah lebih berhati-hati. Keempat informan justru mengubah label gender tentang kehati-hatian menjadi pertimbangan profesional. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan pertemuan antara gender, pengalaman profesional, dan praktik komunikasi dalam pendakian gunung di Indonesia.
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