Teachers’ Voice on the Practical Learning Strategies for Young Learners with Poetry
Abstract
A recent study suggests that poetry might offer unique insights into improving English language development. Despite these benefits, many language teachers avoid using poetry since teaching English through poetry in non-English-speaking countries is difficult. Poetry's ability to support language development has been overlooked due to teachers’ challenges. This shows a serious lack of understanding of teachers’ pedagogical skills in using literature to educate. Large-scale quantitative studies have examined teachers' experiences and challenges. Nevertheless, this study focuses on what they consider crucial pedagogical factors in employing poetry in English classes. This qualitative survey includes 15 English teachers. A teacher questionnaire was given to discuss their needs in constructing poetry-based English language learning practices, and interviews were performed to examine kindergarten and elementary school English language learning. The findings portrayed that poetry improves pupils' listening and speaking skills and vocabulary building. In addition, they thought that songs/lyrics and poetry should be used more in teaching and learning. A thematic analysis showed how teaching strategies, poem selection, and impact are varied.
Keywords
References
Al-Bakri, R. J. (2019). The Effectiveness of Using Poetry in Developing English Vocabulary, Language Proficiency and Motivation of EFL Palestinian Students. (Master’s thesis) Hebron University, Palestine.
Amer, A. A. (2003). Teaching EFL/ESL literature. Reading Matrix: An International Online Journal, 3(2), 63–73.
Barrette, C. M., Paesani, K., & Vinall, K. (2010). Toward an integrated curriculum: Maximizing the use of target language literature. Foreign Language Annals, 43(2), 216–230.
Belcher, D., & Hirvela, A. (2000). Literature and L2 composition: Revisiting the debate. Journal of Second Language Writing, 9(1), 21–39.
Bloemert, J., Jansen, E., & van de Grift, W. (2016). Exploring EFL literature approaches in Dutch secondary education. Language, culture and curriculum, 29(2), 169–188. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 07908318.2015.1136324.
Borg, W. R., & Gall, M. D. (2003). Educational research: An introduction (7th ed.). New York: Longman, Inc.
Brady, I. (2009). Foreword in poetic inquiry: Vibrant voices in the social sciences. Rotterdam, NL: Sense Publishers.
Byram, M. (2014). Twenty-five years on – from cultural studies to intercultural citizenship. Language Culture and Curriculum, 27(3), 209–225.
Calafato, R. (2018a). Literature in language education: Evolving language pedagogies and text preferences in contemporary Russia. Educational Studies, (2), 91–116. https://doi.org/10.17323/ 1814-9545-2018-2-91-116.
Calafato, R. (2018b). Policies, textbooks, and curriculum constraints to integrating literature into language education: EFL teacher perspectives from Russia. Pedagogika, 132(4), 178–196. https:// doi.org/10.15823/p.2018.132.11.
Calafato, R., & Gudim, F. (2022a). Comics as a multimodal resource and students’ willingness to communicate in Russian. Journal of Graphic Novels and Comics, 13(2), 270–286. https://doi.org/10. 1080/21504857.2021.1951788.
Calafato, R., & Gudim, F. (2022b). Literature in contemporary foreign language school textbooks in Russia: Content, approaches, and readability. Language Teaching Research, 26(5), 826–846. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168820917909.
Calafato, R., & Simmonds, K. (2022). Linkages between literary response, aesthetic competence, and literary competence in the EFL classroom. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 75, 101214. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2022.101214
Calafato, R. (2023). Literature in language education: exploring teachers’ beliefs, practices, creativity, and literary competence, Pedagogies: An International Journal, DOI: 10.1080/1554480X.2022.2164500.
Carter, R., & Long, M. N. (1991). Teaching literature. Harlow: Longman Pub.
Ceia, C. (2012). Advanced research projects in the humanities: New trends on literature, languages & linguistics studies. ATINER’S Conference Paper Series (No: LIT2012-0221), Athens.
Cennamo, K. & Kalk, D. 2005. Real World Instructional Design. Diambil tanggal 23 September 2007 dari www.Amazon.com.
Chamcharatsri, P. B. (2013a). Emotionality and Second Language Writers: Expressing Fear Through Narrative in Thai and in English. L2 Journal 5 (1), 59–75.
Chanmann-Taylor, M., Bleyle, S., Hwang, Y., and Zhang, K. (2016). Teaching poetry in TESOL teacher education: heightened attention to language as well as to cultural and political critique through poetry writing. TESOL Journal, doi:10.1002/tesj.263.
Costello, J. (1990). Promoting literacy through literature: Reading and writing in ESL composition. Journal of Basic Writing, 9(1), 20–30.
Cullinan, B. E., Scala, M. C., & Schroder, V. C. (1995). Three voices: An invitation to poetry across the curriculum. York, ME: Stenhouse Publishing.
Disney, D. (2014). “Is this how it’s supposed to work?” Poetry as a radical technology in L2 creative writing classrooms. In D. Disney (Ed.), Exploring second language creative writing: Beyond babel (pp. 41–56). Amsterdam, Netherlands: John Benjamins.
Divsar, H., & Tahriri, A. (2009). Investigating the effectiveness of an integrated approach to teaching literature in an EFL context. Journal of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics, 13(2), 105–116
Duff, A. and Maley, A. (2007). Literature (Second Edition). Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Dumontheil, I., Apperly, I., & Blakemore S. J. (2010). Online usage of theory of mind continues to develop in late adolescence. Developmental Science, 13(2), 331–338.
Early, M., & Marshall, S. (2008). Adolescent ESL students’ interpretation and appreciation of literary texts: A case study of multimodality. Canadian Modern Language Review, 64(3), 377–397.
Ezenandu, P. E. (2012). Literature Circles: A paradigm shift in literature pedagogy in the second language classroom. Retrieved from https://rb.gy/hjefxu.
Fabb, N. (2010). Is literary language a development of ordinary language? Lingua, 120(5), 1219–1232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2009.07.007.
Fogal, G. G. (2015). Pedagogical stylistics in multiple foreign language and second language contexts: A synthesis of empirical research. Language and Literature, 24(1), 54–72. https://doi. org/10.1177/0963947014555450.
Garvin, R. T. (2013). Researching Chinese history and culture through poetry writing in an EFL composition class. L2 Journal, 5(1), 76–94.
Gholson, R., & Stumpf, C. (2005). Folklore, literature, ethnography, and second-language acquisition: Teaching culture in the ESL classroom. TESL Canada Journal, 22(2), 75–91.
Gönen, S.I.K. (2018). Implementing Poetry in the Language Class: A Poetry-Teaching Framework for Prospective English Language Teachers. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 9(5), 28-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.9n.5p.28
Grabe, W. (2009). Reading in a second language: Moving from theory to practice. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Hall, G. (2005). Literature in language education. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Hanauer, D. I. (2003). Multicultural moments in poetry: The importance of the unique. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 60(1), 69–87.
Hanauer,D.I. (2012). Meaningful literacy: writing poetry in the language classroom. Language Teaching, 45(1), 105-115.
Hanauer, D. I., & Liao, F. (2016). ESL students’ perceptions of creative and academic writing. In M. Burke, O. Fialho, & S. Zyngier (Eds.), Scientific approaches to literature in learning environments (pp. 216– 226). Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Heath, S. B. (1996). Recreating literature in the ESL classroom. TESOL Quarterly, 30(4), 776-779. https://doi. org/10.2307/3587935.
Heggernes, S. L. (2021). A critical review of the role of texts in fostering intercultural communicative competence in the English language classroom. Educational Research Review, 33, 100390. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2021.100390.
Hess, N. (2003). Real language through poetry: a formula for meaning making. ELT Journal, 57(1), 19-25
Hoecherl-Alden, G. (2006). Connecting language to content: Second language literature instruction at the intermediate level. Foreign Language Annals, 39(2), 244–254.
Iida, A. (2012). The value of poetry writing: Cross-genre literacy development in a second language. Scientific Study of Literature, 2(1), 60–82.
Iida, A. (2016). Poetic identity in second language writing: exploring an EFL learner’s study abroad experience. Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2(1) pp. 1-14.
Iida, A. (2016). Exploring earthquake experiences: A study of second language learners’ ability to express and communicate deeply traumatic events in poetic form. System, 57, 120–133.
Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., & Nixon, R. (2014). The action research planner: Doing critical participatory action research. Singapore: Springer Verlag.
Kırkgöz, Y. (2008). Using poetry as a model for creating English poems. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 4(2), 94-106.
Kramsch, C. (1998). Language and culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kramsch, C., & Kramsch, O. (2000). The avatars of literature in language study. Modern Language Journal, 84(4), 553–573.
Lao, C. Y., & Krashen, S. (2000). The impact of popular literature study on literacy development in EFL: More evidence for the power of reading. System, 28(2), 261–270.
Lazar, G. (1993). Literature and language teaching: A guide for teachers and trainers. Cambridge University Press.
Lazar, G., & Heath, S. B. (1996). Literature and language teaching: Exploring literary texts with the language learner and re-creating literature in the ESL classroom. TESOL Quarterly, 30(4), 773–779..
Lazar, G. (1996). Exploring literary texts with the language learner. TESOL Quarterly, 30(4),773776. Retrieved from https:10.2307/3587934.
Littlewood, W. T. (1986). Literature in the school foreign-language course. In C. Brumfit, & R. Carter (Eds.), Literature and language teaching (pp. 177–183). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Luukka, E. (2019). Selection, frequency, and functions of literary texts in Finnish general upper-secondary EFL education. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 63(2), 198–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/00313831.2017.1336476.
Macleroy, V. (2013). Cultural, linguistic and cognitive issues in teaching the language of literature for emergent bilingual pupils. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 26:3, 300-316, DOI: 10.1080/07908318.2013.852566.
Maley, A. (1989). Down from the pedestal: Literature as resource. In R. Carter, R. Walker, & C. Brumfit (Eds.), Literature and the learner: Methodological approaches (pp. 1–9). London, UK: Modern English Publications and the British Council.
Maley, A., & Duff, A. (2007). Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
McIlroy, T. (2013). What teachers talk about when talk about poetry: discussing literary texts in the university EFL context. The Journal of Literature in Language Teaching, 2(1), 26-31.
McKay, S. (1982). Literature in the ESL classroom. TESOL Quarterly, 16(4), 529–536.
McRae, J. (1996). Representational language learning: From language awareness to text awareness. In R. Carter & J. Mcrae (Eds.), Language, Literature and the Learner (pp. 16–40). Routledge.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook, (3rd ed). London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
Nance, K. A. (2010). Teaching literature in the languages: Expanding the literary circle through student engagement. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Newfield, D., & D’abdon, R. (2015). Reconceptualising poetry as a multimodal genre. TESOL Quarterly, 49(3), 510–532.
Paesani, K., & Allen, H. W. (2012). Beyond the language-content divide: Research on advanced foreign language instruction at the postsecondary level. Foreign Language Annals, 45(Suppl.1), 54–75.
Paran, A. (2008). The role of literature in instructed foreign language learning and teaching: An evidence-based survey. Language Teaching, 41(4), 465–496. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S026144480800520X
Parkinson, B., & Thomas-Reid, H. (2000). Teaching literature in a second language. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Picken, J. D. (2005). Helping foreign language learners to make sense of literature with metaphor awareness-raising. Language Awareness, 14(2–3), 142–152.
Pitts, M. (1989). Acquiring second language vocabulary through reading: A replication of the clockwork orange study using second language acquirers. Reading in a Foreign Language, 5(2), 271–275..
Qutub, M. (2018). Assessing literature for the classroom among female learners of English in an EFL context in Saudi Arabia. In S. Hidri (Ed.), Revisiting the assessment of second language abilities: From theory to practice (pp. 217–237). Springer.
Sage, H. (1987). Incorporating literature in ESL instruction. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Saragi, T., Nation, P., & Meister, G. F. (1978). Vocabulary learning and reading. System, 6(2), 72–78.
Sauro, S., & Sundmark, B. (2016). Report from middle-earth: Fan fiction tasks in the EFL classroom. English Language Teaching Journal, 70(4), 414–423. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccv075.
Sirico, D. (2021). Using literature for language learning: Students’ and teachers’ views. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Skela, J. (2014). The quest for literature in EFL textbooks–a quest for Camelot? English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries, 11(1), 113–136. https://doi.org/10.4312/elope.11.1.113-136.
Syed, A.J.A. & Wahas, Y.M.A. (2020). Challenges and Solutions in Teaching English through Poetry to EFL Students at Hajjah University: A Case Study of William Wordsworth’s Lucy and John Donne’s Death Poems. REFLections, 27(2), 189-198.
Tomlinson, B. (1986). Using poetry with mixed ability language classes. ELT Journal, 40(1), 33-41.
Van, T. T. M. (2009). The relevance of literary analysis to teaching literature in the EFL classroom. English Teaching Forum, 47(3), 2–9.
Warford, M. K., & White, W. L. (2012). Reconnecting proficiency, literacy, and culture: From theory to practice. Foreign Language Annals, 45(3), 400–414.
Widdowson, H. G. (1975). Stylistics and the teaching of literature. London: Longman.
DOI: 10.15408/ijee.v11i1.39028
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.