Segmenting QRIS Readiness Among Traditional Market Traders Using Technology Readiness Index 2.0 and K-Means Clustering

Harvard Kaunang Najoan; Florinda Renda Maria Langitan; Ryalest Maydio Balylo Boka

doi:10.15408/jti.v19i2.53783

Authors

Harvard Kaunang Najoan Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Minaesa Institute of Technology, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7657-6725
Florinda Renda Maria Langitan Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Minaesa Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Ryalest Maydio Balylo Boka Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Minaesa Institute of Technology, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15408/jti.v19i2.53783

Keywords:

Technology Readiness Index 2.0, QRIS, ITSM, digital payment, K-means clustering, traditional market, MSMEs

Abstract

Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) is widely available in Indonesian traditional markets, but availability alone does not show whether traders are ready to use it, suggesting that technology readiness may be an important factor beyond physical access to payment infrastructure. This study profiles and segments the technology readiness of 60 smartphone-owning traders at Pasar Beriman Tomohon, North Sulawesi, using the four dimensions of the Technology Readiness Index 2.0 (TRI 2.0): Optimism, Innovativeness, Discomfort, and Insecurity. K-means clustering on standardised dimension scores produced five segments that follow the TRI 2.0 archetypes. The five-cluster solution was chosen on theoretical grounds, because the silhouette check slightly favoured three clusters; the segments are weakly separated and only moderately stable. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (Innovativeness and Discomfort fell below the 0.60 criterion), and group differences were examined through non-parametric tests. Paranoids formed the largest segment (25.0%) and Pioneers the smallest (11.7%). Insecurity had the higher mean score of the two inhibitor dimensions, exceeding Discomfort. Age showed a stronger demographic association with readiness than merchandise type, and the observed association was concentrated in Innovativeness and Discomfort rather than Insecurity. These findings suggest that segment-differentiated support addressing security and trust concerns may offer a more targeted basis for QRIS adoption programmes among traditional-market traders than uniform market-wide campaigns. Because the sample is small, non-random, and drawn from one market, the results are exploratory.

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