Epistemologi Imajinasi Menurut Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas

Abstract

Abstrak:

Penelitian ini mencoba mendeskripsikan tentang pemikiran bagaimana imajinasi dipandang sebagai sumber ilmu pengetahuan menurut Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas yang terdapat dalam karyanya, yakni Prolegomena to The Metaphysics of Islam. Pemaknaan imajinasi seringkali mendapat pemaknaan yang negatif (khayalan dan fantasi) di kalangan masyarakat umum dn khusunya akademis, karena imajinasi dianggap tidak ada landasan realistis dan ilusi belaka. Penelitian ini menjawab pertanyaan Bagaimana Imajinasi Dipandang Sebagai Sumber Ilmu Pengetahuan menurut Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas? Menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis, dan juga menggunakan metode pencarian data kepustakaan primer maupun sekunder. Untuk data kepustakaan primer, peneliti menggunakan buku karya Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas yakni Prolegomena to The Metaphysics of Islam.. Penelitian ini pada kesimpulannya, bahwa Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas membagi imajinasi menjadi dua fungsi ganda terkait dengan jiwa yaitu al-mutakhhayal dan al-mufakkirah. Imajinasi yang telah mengalami aktualisasi perkembangan melalui jalan ilmunasi oleh Kecerdasan Aktif (ruh al-qudus), akan dapat menangkap pengetahuan gagasan dan ide yang melampaui inderawi maupun citra-citra hasil cerapan inderawi. Imajinasi ini merupakan prinsip yang dibangun dengan aplikasi universal dan prinsip keniscayaan.

Abstract:

This research attempts to describe the thoughts on how imagination is viewed as a source of knowledge according to Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas, as found in his work, Prolegomena to The Metaphysics of Islam. The meaning of imagination is often given a negative connotation (illusion and fantasy) among the general public and especially in academia, as imagination is seen as lacking a realistic foundation and merely an illusion. This research addresses the question of how imagination is viewed as a source of knowledge according to Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas. In answering that question, the researcher employed a descriptive-analytical method and also utilized both primary and secondary literature data collection methods. For the primary literature data, the researcher used the book by Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas titled "Prolegomena to The Metaphysics of Islam." This research concludes that Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas divides imagination into two dual functions related to the soul, namely al-mutakhhayal and al-mufakkirah. Imagination that has undergone the actualization of development through the path of knowledge by Active Intelligence (the spirit of holiness) will be able to grasp knowledge, concepts, and ideas that transcend sensory experiences and the images resulting from sensory perceptions. This imagination is a principle built on universal application and the principle of necessity.