Social Distance Dynamics among Papuan and Local Students at Sriwijaya University

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the dynamics of social distance between students from Papua and local students from South Sumatra (Palembang, Lubuk Linggau, Prabumulih, and Pagar Alam) at Sriwijaya University. The study employs a qualitative approach using the case study method to understand patterns of social relationships within a multicultural campus environment. Data was collected through non-participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving students from Papua, local students, and supporting informants. Data were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña model through data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Analysis using Emory S. Bogardus’s social distance theory indicates that social distance remains evident across four dimensions: affective, normative, interactive, and cultural. Cultural differences, language, communication patterns, stereotypes, and low interaction intensity are the primary factors influencing intergroup relations. Nevertheless, social integration is beginning to develop through academic activities, student organizations, and daily interactions that enhance social acceptance and cultural adaptation. Based on a synthesis of the empirical patterns identified during data analysis, the researcher formulated the Gradual Social Integration Model as a theoretical-analytical construct. This model maps the process of social distance reduction through six stages identified in the data: initial stereotypes, group exclusivity, academic contact, the formation of social trust, two-way cultural adaptation, and social integration. Thus, the contribution of this research lies in the formulation of a data-driven conceptual model that expands the application of Bogardus’s social distance theory. These findings also provide insights for universities in creating a more inclusive campus environment.