Exploring Predictors of School Belonging in Senior High School Students
Abstract
Adolescents spend a lot of time at school because schools are centers of activity for them. Thus, it is normal for students to feel supported, comfortable, and connected to all components of the school. These feelings can make students think of themselves as part of their school or known as school belongings. This research was conducted to explore what factors can affect school belonging and to find the factors that have the most meaningful influence on school belonging for high school students in Indonesia. This research used a qualitative approach with a generic qualitative approach, and consisted of five participants who were 10th and 11th grade high school students attending schools in Bandung. Data analysis uses reflexive thematic analysis. The results of the study revealed that four themes could affect school belonging for students at school, including relationships with school members, adequate learning facilities and infrastructure, students' participation in extracurricular activities, and the match between students' interests and their school majors. On the other hand, it was found that peers were a factor that consistently influenced students' school belongings because it is consistently mentioned by every subject in this study.
Keywords
References
Allen, K. A., & Bowles, T. (2012). Belonging as a guiding principle in the education of adolescents. 12.
Allen, K., Kern, M. L., Vella-Brodrick, D., Hattie, J., & Waters, L. (2018). What schools need to know about fostering school belonging: A meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 30(1), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-016-9389-8
Ardini, F. M., Setyowati, A., & Fauziah, M. (2020). Konseling kelompok eksistensial untuk meningkatkan sense of school belonging pada siswa smk se-Kota Yogyakarta. Indonesian Journal of Educational Counseling, 4(2), 161–169. https://doi.org/10.30653/001.202042.140
Arslan, G., & Duru, E. (2017). Initial development and validation of the school belongingness scale. Child Indicators Research, 10(4), 1043–1058. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187-016-9414-y
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). Can i use ta? should i use ta? should i not use ta? comparing reflexive thematic analysis and other pattern‐based qualitative analytic approaches. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 21(1), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12360
Byrne, D. (2022). A worked example of Braun and Clarke’s approach to reflexive thematic analysis. Quality & Quantity, 56(3), 1391–1412. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-021-01182-y
Dani, R. A., Aryono, M. M., & Cahyadi, A. (2021). Analisis hubungan antara gratitude dengan sense of school belonging pada mahasiswa Karesidenan Madiun. PSIKODIMENSIA, 20(1), 107. https://doi.org/10.24167/psidim.v20i1.2922
El Zaatari, W., & Maalouf, I. (2022). How the Bronfenbrenner Bio-ecological System Theory explains the development of students’ sense of belonging to school? SAGE Open, 12(4), 215824402211340. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221134089
Fadilah, R. W. Z., Maslihah, S., & Misbach, I. H. (2018). Pengaruh academic emotions dan school belonging terhadap students’ life satisfaction pada siswa menengah pertama. JURNAL PSIKOLOGI INSIGHT, 2(1), 90–99. https://doi.org/10.17509/insight.v2i1.11948
Goodenow, C. (1993). The psychological sense of school membership among adolescents: Scale development and educational correlates. Psychology in the Schools, 30(1), 79–90. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6807(199301)30:1<79::AID-PITS2310300113>3.0.CO;2-X
Han, Y., Kang, H. R., Choe, J. W., & Kim, H. (2021). The moderating role of parental support in the relationship between latent profiles of bullying victimization and sense of school belonging: A cross-national comparison. Children and Youth Services Review, 122, 105827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105827
Hayati, I. N., & Andayani, B. (2018). Pelatihan kebersyukuran untuk meningkatkan sense of school belonging siswa smp. Gadjah Mada Journal of Professional Psychology (GamaJPP), 2(3), 130. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajpp.41760
Ibrahim, A., & El Zaatari, W. (2020). The teacher–student relationship and adolescents’ sense of school belonging. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25(1), 382–395. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2019.1660998
Kemendikbudristek. (2023, April 27). Keputusan Menteri Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 262 Tahun 2022 Tentang Pedoman Penerapan Kurikulum dalam Rangka Pemulihan pembelajaran. https://jdih.kemdikbud.go.id/detail_peraturan?main=3156
Korpershoek, H., Canrinus, E. T., Fokkens-Bruinsma, M., & de Boer, H. (2020). The relationships between school belonging and students’ motivational, social-emotional, behavioural, and academic outcomes in secondary education: A meta-analytic review. Research Papers in Education, 35(6), 641–680. https://doi.org/10.1080/02671522.2019.1615116
Latifah, Pohan, R. A., & Nasir, M. (2021). Gambaran sense of belonging mahasiwa program studi bimbingan dan konseling islam fakultas ushuluddin adab dan dakwah iain langsa. 8(1).
Laursen, B., & Veenstra, R. (2021). Toward understanding the functions of peer influence: A summary and synthesis of recent empirical research. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 31(4), 889–907. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12606
Leavy, P. (2017). Research design: Quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods, arts-based, and community-based participatory research approaches. Guilford Press.
Lestari, M. (2021). Hubungan antara sense of belonging dengan homesickness pada siswa baru di pondok pesantren. Al-Qalb: Jurnal Psikologi Islam, 12(1), 39–50.
Lim, H. J., Yoo, J. E., Rho, M., & Ryu, J. J. (2022). Exploration of variables predicting sense of school belonging using the machine learning method—group Mnet. Psychological Reports, 003329412211330. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941221133005
Parada, R. H. (2019). Assessing perceived school support, rule acceptance and attachment: Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the School Belonging Scale (SBS). Child Psychology, 36(2), 11.
Percy, W., Kostere, K., & Kostere, S. (2015). Generic qualitative research in psychology. The Qualitative Report. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2015.2097
Setyowati, A., & Fauziah, M. (2019). Profil tingkat sense of school belonging siswa SMK Negeri Kota Yogyakarta.
Slaten, C. D., Ferguson, J. K., Allen, K.-A., Brodrick, D.-V., & Waters, L. (2016). School belonging: A review of the history, current trends, and future directions. The Educational and Developmental Psychologist, 33(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1017/edp.2016.6
Wachsmuth, S. T., Lewis, T. J., & Gage, N. A. (2023). Exploring extracurricular activity participation, school engagement, and social competence for students with emotional and behavioral disorders. Behavioral Disorders, 019874292311666. https://doi.org/10.1177/01987429231166675
Wagle, R., Dowdy, E., Yang, C., Palikara, O., Castro, S., Nylund-Gibson, K., & Furlong, M. J. (2018). Preliminary investigation of the psychological sense of school membership scale with primary school students in a cross-cultural context. School Psychology International, 39(6), 568–586. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034318803670
Yulia, R., Mayar, F., & Safrizal, S. (2021). Dampak pembelajaran daring di taman kanak-kanak terhadap sense of belonging siswa pada teman, sekolah, dan guru. Indonesian Journal of Early Childhood: Jurnal Dunia Anak Usia Dini, 3(2), 78. https://doi.org/10.35473/ijec.v3i2.926
DOI: 10.15408/tazkiya.v12i1.33958
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
