فتوى مجلس العلماء الإندونيسي في العلاقة بين المسلم وغيره في الدولة

Abstract

This research provides a study of religious verdicts (fatwa, pl. fatāwa) issued by the Indonesian Council of Scholars (MUI). In this research, I examine the effectiveness of the fatwa that is issued by the Council and its impact on Indonesian society. The Indonesian state has its own positive and historical laws, and its law is a result of the legal agreement between the legal parties in Indonesia and also a pact to live in peace and coexistence. There are five principles called "Pancasila" which are related to the relationship of the Indonesian people and it's also considered a philosophy of the state. The Fatwa Committee of the MUI has issued the fatwa to support this philosophy due to its accordance with the principles of Sharia. In this research, I relied on analytical and comparative methodologies. First, I analyze the concepts of the fatwa, its importance, its rulings, and its effects on Muslims, I also discuss the history of the establishment of the Council of Indonesia Muslim Scholars (MUI). Next, I listed the fatwa issued by the council related to the relationship between a Muslim and a non-Muslim in Indonesia and analyzed the fatwa in the context of a modern state by explaining the opinion of the Muslim scholars and also examining the fatwa from a Sharia perspective. In the conclusion, I summarized the important findings and discovered that the research in accordance with the works of contemporary scholars such as Abu Zahra, Wahba Al-Zuhaili, Yusuf Al-Qaradawi, Ahmed Al-Raysooni, and Jaseer Al-Awda about the relationship between the Muslim and non-Muslim in the context of the contemporary state and the contemporary state and the Maqasid of Sharia.