Memaknai Alam Semesta: Simbolisasi Kosmik dalam Ontologi Mistik Sahl ibn ‘Abd Allāh al-Tustarī

Moh. Anwar Syarifuddin

Abstract


This piece explicates mystical interpretation conducted by the Sufi Sahl ibn Abd Allah al-Tustari on certain Qur’anic verses illustrating cosmic symbols of the Sufi ontology. In this symbolic interpretation the understanding of natural phenomena given in the form of analogy that is more psychologically oriented, for example, earth that is signified as “heart” which is low in nature because of its engagement with the matter referred to be a symbol of “darkness”. On contrary, the sky is interpreted as an element of height that belongs to the role of “enlightening”. The symbolism of the universe that is signified with its psychic understanding is the main ideas Sahl Tustari’s mystical ontology that centers around the mystical concept of the light of Muhammad, which has vast influence within the development of Islamic mystical thought in later period. The main inquiry of the present paper is what kinds of metaphysical concepts described by Sahl al-Tustari in his mystical interpretation to the Qur’anic verses illustrating the natural phenomena? Discussion begins with earth as the symbol of lowliness, then explaining the sky as symbols of the natural representation of the higher world. Filling the gap between the contested cosmological concepts Sahl Tustari offers his mystical concept of the light of Muhammad that becomes an intermediary channel for the lowly position of man in his way back to God.

Keywords


God, Humanity, Cosmos, Universe.

Full Text:

PDF

References


‘Arabī, Ibn. Futuḥāt al-Makkiyya, Cairo: Al-Hayāt al-Misriyya li’āmmat al-Kitāb, 1972.

Attār, F. Muslim Saint and Mystic, terj. AJ. Arberry, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1979.

al-Athīr, al-Ḥasan ‘Alī bin Muḥammad Ibn, al-Kāmil fī al-Tārīkh, Beirut: Dār al-Shadir, 1965.

Audi, Robert (Ed.), The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, second edition, 1999.

Basyūnī, Ibrāhīm. al-Imām al-Qushayrī sīratuhu āthāruhu madhhabuhu fī al-tasawwuf. Cairo: Majmā’ Buḥūth al-Islāmiyya. 1976.

Bosworth, CE. “Shushtār” dalam EI2, Leiden: Brill, 2001.

Böwering, G. The Mystical Vision of Existence in Classical Islam, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1980.

al-Hallāj, Ḥusayn bin Manṣūr. Kitāb al-Tawāsīn, Cairo: Dār al-Nadim, 1989.

Hirsch, Jr. (ed.), Validity in Interpretation, New Haven: Yale University, 1967.

Ja’far, MK. Ibrāhīm. Min al-Turāth al-Sūfī, Kairo: Dār al-Ma’ārif, 1974.

Jung, C.G. (ed.). Man and His Symbols, London: Pan Books, 1964.

Khallikān, Ibn. Wafayāt al-A’yān wa Anbā’ Abnā’ al-Zamān, Kairo: al-Nahdha al-Mishriyya, 1948.

Makkī, Abū Thālib. Qūt al-Qulūb, Cairo: al-Mathba’a al Mishriyya, 1932.

Massignon, L. The Passion of Hallaj Mystic and Martyr of Islam, terj. H. Mason, Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1982.

Nu’aym, Abū. Hilyat al-Awliyā’ wa Tabaqāt al-Asfiyā’. Cairo, 1938.

Nwyia, P. (ed.) Exegese Coranique et Langage Mystique. Beirut: Dar el-Machreq, 1968a, 1968b, dan 1970.

Purjavadi, Nasrullāh. (ed.). Majmū’a Āthār Abī ‘Abd al-Raḥmān al-Sulamī. Tehran: Markaz Nashr Danshikāhi, 2000.

Qushayrī, al-Risāla al-Qushayrīyya fī ‘ilm al-Tasawwuf. (ed. Ma’rūf Zurayq and ‘Alī ‘Abd al-Ḥamīd), Beirut: Dār al-Khayr, 1990.

Samarrā’ī, Qāsim. The Themes of Ascension in Mystical Writings, Baghdad 1968.

al-Sulamī, Ḥaqā’iq al-Tafsīr: Tafsīr al-Qur’ān al-‘Azīz (ed. Sayyid ‘Imrān), Beirut: Dār al-Kutūb al-‘IImiyya, 2001.

Tunc, Cihad. Sahl bin ‘Abd Allāh al-Tustarī und die Sālimiyya, Bonn, 1970.

al-Tusī, Abū Nashr al-Sarrāj. al-Lumā’ (eds. ‘Abd al-Ḥalīm Maḥmūd and ‘Abd al-Bāqī Surūr), Cairo: Dār al-Kutūb al-Ḥaditha, 1960.

al-Tustarī, Sahl bin ‘Abd Allāh. Tafsīr al-Qur’ān al-’Aẓīm, Cairo: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Arabiyya al-Kubrā, 1911.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/ref.v11i2.38060 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


FACULTY OF USHULUDDIN SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY

Office: Faculty of Ushuluddin Building - 2nd Floor R. Jurnal - Jl. Ir. Juanda No. 95 Ciputat Jakarta

Phone/fax: +62-21-7493677/+62-21-7493579 - email: jurnalrefleksi@apps.uinjkt.ac.id


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

View Refleksi's Stats