The Acehnese Language Use in South Aceh Regency: A Sociolinguistic Analysis

Zulkhairi Zulkhairi, Anshar Zulhelmi, Azhari Azhari, Sumardi Sumardi, Chairunnisa Ahsana Amalan Shaliha

Abstract


Purpose
This study aimed to find out how the Acehnese language is used by residents in the South Aceh Regency.


Method
This research used a qualitative approach with documentary studies, meta-ethnographic research, field studies, focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. The instruments used comprised data analysis forms, observation forms, focus group discussion guidelines, and in-depth interview guidelines. Data were analyzed qualitatively using the theory and concept of sociolinguistics

Results/findings
This study demonstrated that speakers of the Acehnese language in the South Aceh Regency came from distinct places than those in other Aceh regencies. The performance comprised performances in Acehnese language with and without acculturation of other languages, performances in Acehnese language with acculturation of the Aneuk Jamee language, performances in Acehnese language with acculturation of the Kluet language, performances in Acehnese language with acculturation of the Aneuk Jamee and Kluet languages, and performances in Acehnese language with acculturation of the Indonesian language.

Conclusion
The performance resulted from the presence of Acehnese speakers in multiethnic areas (Aneuk Jamee and Kluet tribes). Acehnese speakers have been encouraged to integrate with these tribes by their living conditions. Seeking a language that enables them to communicate with one another was the outward manifestation of these adaptation efforts.


Keywords


Acehnese language; South Aceh; Sociolinguistics

References


Abdul Chaer, & Leonie Agustina. (2004). Sosiolinguistik: perkenalan awal. Rineka Cipta.

Adnan, A., Navia, Z. I., Silvia, M., Antika, M., Suwardi, A. B., Baihaqi, B., & Yakob, M. (2022). Diversity of herbs and spices plants and their importance in traditional medicine in the South Aceh District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 23(7). https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230761

Ahmad Maghrobi Akbar. (2015). Pemertahanan Bahasa Using Masyarakat Desa Kemiren Kecamatan Glagah Kabupaten Banyuwangi: Kajian Sosiolinguistik. Universitas Airlangga.

Alamsyah, T., Iqbal, M., & Taib, R. (2022). Perubahan Bahasa Aceh: Tinjauan Realitas Penggunaan Bahasa Aceh dalam Interaksi Sosial di Aceh. Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, 11(2), 451. https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v11i2.5207

Areekul, C., Ratana-Ubol, A., & Kimpee, P. (2015). Model Development for Strengthening Social Capital for Being a Sustainable Lifelong Learning Society. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 191, 1613–1617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.508

Arnold, B. R., Montgomery, G. T., Castañeda, I., & Longoria, R. (1994). Acculturation and Performance of Hispanics on Selected Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Tests. Assessment, 1(3), 239–248. https://doi.org/10.1177/107319119400100303

Asrul Sidiq, & Ashfa. (2016). Prosiding Seminar Nasional Dengan Tema Permukiman Dan Kota Lestari. Universitas Syiah Kuala.

Auchincloss, A. H., Mucciaccio, F., Fang, C. Y., Ruggiero, D. A., Hirsch, J.

A., Zhong, J., Li, M., Egleston, B. L., & Tseng, M. (2023). Neighborhood gentrification, wealth, and co-ethnic density associations with acculturation stressors among Chinese immigrants. SSM - Population Health, 23, 101476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101476

Baidrakhmanov, D., & Doszhan, G. (2015). Historical and Sociolinguistic Aspects of Use of Anglicisms in the Kazakh Language. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 190, 346–352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.05.009

Bardovi-Harlig, K., & Stringer, D. (2011). The lexicon in second language attrition: What happens when the cat´s got your tongue?. In J. Altarriba & L. Isurin (Eds.), Memory, Language, and Bilingualism: Theoretical and Applied Approaches. Cambridge University Press.

Basir, U. Pr. M. (2015). Konstelasi Bahasa Jawa Modern Dalam Pagelaran Wayang Kulit Purwa (Kajian Sosiolinguistik). Diksi, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.21831/diksi.v16i1.6567

Bauto, L. M. (2016). Perspektif Agama Dan Kebudayaan Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Indonesia (Suatu Tinjauan Sosiologi Agama). Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial, 23(2), 11. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpis.v23i2.1616

Beckner, C., Blythe, R., Bybee, J., Christiansen, M. H., Croft, W., Ellis, N. C., Holland, J., Ke, J., Larsen‐Freeman, D., & Schoenemann, T. (2009). Language Is a Complex Adaptive System: Position Paper. Language Learning, 59(s1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2009.00533.x

Byram, M., & Morgan, C. (1994). Teaching-and-Learning language and culture. Multilingual Matters.

Chudek, M., Cheung, B. Y., & Heine, S. J. (2015). US Immigrants’ Patterns of Acculturation are Sensitive to Their Age, Language, and Cultural Contact but Show No Evidence of a Sensitive Window for Acculturation. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 15(1–2), 174–190. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12342145

Dussias, P. E. (2004). Parsing a first language like a second: The erosion of L1 parsing strategies in Spanish-English Bilinguals. International Journal of Bilingualism, 8(3), 355–371. https://doi.org/10.1177/13670069040080031001

Elisabeth Ayuna, N. (2023). Peran Komunikasi Dalam Proses Akulturasi Sistem Sosial Lokal. Technomedia Journal, 8(1 Juni), 35–51. https://doi.org/10.33050/tmj.v8i1.2015

Elvira Siti Humairah, Saifullah, & Awaluddin Arifin. (2019). Problematika Penggunaan Bahasa Aceh di Kota Langsa. Aceh Anthropological Journal, 3(2), 202–211.

Erwandi, N. (2018). Analisis Komparatif Antara Bahasa Jamee Perantauan di Banda Aceh dan Bahasa Minangkabau Bukittinggi Perantauan di Takengon. Master Bahasa, 6(3).

Fathur Rokhman, & Surahmat. (2020). Linguistik Disruptif : Pendekatan Kekinian Memahami Perkembangan Bahasa. Bumi Aksara.

Gardner, R. C., Lalonde, R. N., Moorcroft, R., & Evers, F. T. (1987). Second Language Attrition: The Role of Motivation and Use. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 6(1), 29–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X8700600102

Hadi, F., Hamzah, A., & Syechalad, M. N. (2014). Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Aceh. Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi: Program Pascasarjana Unsyiah, 2(2).

Haryono, A. (2012). Perubahan dan perkembangan bahasa: Tinjauan historis dan sosiolinguistik. Udayana University.

Hasan, & Kamaruddin. (2013). Komunikasi, Sinergisitas Dan Koordinasi Para Pihak: Dalam Penanganan Perairan Selat Malaka.

Hasan, N. H., Yoke, C. S. K., & Jangga, R. (2015). A Multifactorial Sociolinguistic Analysis of SME Business Company Naming in Malaysia. Procedia Economics and Finance, 31, 228–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)01224-1

Hasibuan, Arnawan, Siregar, Widyana Verawaty, Riskina, & Shafira. (2022). Sekelumit Keberagaman Lhokseumawe dan Aceh Utara. Pelataran Sastra Kaliwungu.

Karmila Karmila, & Okta Rabiana Risma. (2022). Identifikasi Pusat-Pusat Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Dalam Pengembangan Wilayah Kabupaten Aceh Selatan. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Konseling, 4(3).

Khairis Aklima, K. S. (2018). Tradisi Meunazar Masyarakat Kluet Utara di Masjid Nurul Huda Aceh Selatan. UIN Ar-Raniry.

Koentjaraninggrat. (2009). Pengantar Ilmu Antropologi. Rineka Cipta.

Majid Daneshgar. (2021). Persianate Aspects of the Malay-Indonesian World: Some Rare Manuscripts in the Leiden. Dabir.

Major, R. C., & Baptista, B. O. (2007). First Language attrition in foreign accent detection. New Sounds 2007: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on the Acquisition of Second Language Speech.

Maulana, F., & Fadhlia, W. (2020). Pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah, Dana Alokasi Khusus, Dan Luas Wilayah Terhadap Belanja Modal Pada Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota Di Provinsi Aceh. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ekonomi Akuntansi, 5(3), 362–371. https://doi.org/10.24815/jimeka.v5i3.15390

Muhammad Umar, & Essi Hermaliza. (2011). Tradisi Pasajuak Rumah pada Masyarakat Aneuk Jamee. Balai Pelestarian Sejarah dan Nilai Tradisional.

Muntasirul Abrar. (2022). Akulturasi Masyarakat Suku Aneuk Jamee Pada Suku Aceh Di Gampong Kuta Blang District Samadua Kabupaten Aceh Selatan. UIN Ar-Raniry.

Nababan, P. (1993). Sosiolinguistik suatu Pengantar. Penerbit PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

Norman Fairclough. (1997). Analysis The Critical Study of Language. Longman.

Nur Alfian, A. (2023). Perjuangan Cut Nyak Dhien Terhadap Kolonial Belanda di Aceh 1878-1908. Universitas Jambi.

Nurlaili. (2018). Ragam Bahasa Aceh Masyarakat Nelayan Kecamatan Meureudu Kabupaten Pidie Jaya. Master Bahasa, 6(3), 253–261.

Nuryani, Siti Isnaniah, & Ixsir Eliya. (2021). Sosiolinguistik Dalam Pengajaran Bahasa Berbasis Multikultural: Teori dan Praktik Penelitian. In Media.

Rachma, F. M. (2020). Tinjauan Sosiolinguistik terhadap Proses Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab. Tatsqifiy: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.30997/tjpba.v1i1.2569

Raees Narhan. (2022). Comparative Linguistic Study On Relationship Of Aceh, Minangkabau And Gayo Languages. International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 1(6). https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v1i6.190

Rahma, S. (2020). Penuturan Bahasa Aceh di Kalangan Masyarakat Sibreh District Sukamakmur . UIN Ar-Raniry.

Rahmi, R., Dewi, R., Nurasiah, N., Fitriana, F., & Azis, A. (2021). Consept Analysis: Acehnese Ethnic Style Party Fashion Design. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 8(10), 276. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i10.3056

Rami Nurpita, Iba Harliyana, & Safriandi. (2021). Analisis Persamaan dan Perbedaan Pelafalan dalam Bahasa Aceh Antara Dialek Aceh Selatan dan Dialek Aceh Utara. Jurnal Dedikasi Pendidikan, 5(2), 417–430.

Rauziah, S. (2022). Kepercayaan Publik Terhadap Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi COVID-19 Di Kabupaten Aceh Selatan . UIN Ar-Raniry.

Razani, J., Murcia, G., Tabares, J., & Wong, J. (2007). The Effects of Culture on WASI Test Performance in Ethnically Diverse Individuals. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 21(5), 776–788. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854040701437481

Rida Alfida, Saiful Usman, & Ruslan Ruslan. (2016). Penetapan Mahar Bagi Perempuan Di Desa Kampung Paya, District Kluet Utara, Kabupaten Aceh Selatan. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan, 1(1).

Sagala, L. Y., & Riyadi, A. (2020). Bahasa dan Community Development: Pergeseran Penggunaan Bahasa Daerah Sebagai Dasar Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Ruang Pendidikan. Islamic Management and Empowerment Journal, 2(2), 183–202. https://doi.org/10.18326/imej.v2i2.183-202

Saraswati, D. (2008). Indonesiaku Kaya Bahasa. PT. Penebar Swadaya.

Sari, Y. P., Nurdin, F., & Idria, R. (2021). The Mushaf Baiturrahman Cod.Or.2064: Historical Studies And Illumination. Indonesian Journal of Islamic History and Culture, 2(2), 231–250. https://doi.org/10.22373/ijihc.v2i2.1318

Simanjuntak, D. S. R. (2015). Penerapan Teori Antropolingustik Modren (Competence, Performance, Indexicality, dan Partisipation) dalam Umpasa Budaya Batak Toba. Jurnal Basis UPB.

Smith, C. G. A. (2012). Sociolinguistic Influences on the Learners as Readers in the South African Primary School Classroom. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47, 147–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.629

Sufi, R., Budi Wibowo, A., Dewi Wanti, I., Widarni, E., Djuniat, D., Seno, S., & Wahyuni, S. (1998). Keanekaragaman suku dan budaya di Aceh. Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan.

Sukma, & Liza Harianti. (2021). Penggunaan Sapaan Kekerabatan Dalam Bahasa Aneuk Jamee Pada Masyarakat Gampong Lhok Keutapang, District Tapaktuan, Kabupaten Aceh Selatan. Universitas Syiah Kuala.

Sungkar, M. (2015). Jelajah Ujung Barat Indonesia: Banda Aceh-Sabang. Elex Media Komputindo.

Syahputra Bania, A., I., Devira, M. F., & N. (2021). Analysis of Literation Ability to Translate Aceh Language by Elementary School Students in Langsa City. KnE Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v5i3.8519

Teuku Alamsyah, Rostina Taib, Azwardi N, & Muhammad Idham. (2011). Pemilihan Bahasa Indonesia sebagai Bahasa Pertama Anak dalam Keluarga Masyarakat Aceh Penutur Bahasa Aceh di Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Melayu, 1(2).

Tihabsah, T. (2022). Aceh Memiliki Bahasa, Suku, Adat Dan Beragam Budaya. Jurnal Serambi Akademica, 10(7), 738–748.

Usman, A. R. (2003). Sejarah Peradaban Aceh Suatu Analisis Interaksionis, Integrasi dan Konflik. Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.

Wahyuni, S. (2010). Tarik-Menarik Bahasa Jawa Dialek Banyumas dan Bahasa Sunda di Perbatasan Jawa Tengah-Jawa Barat Bagian Selatan sebagai Sikap Pemertahanan Bahasa oleh Penutur. UNDIP.

Wizanalia, C. (2020). Pola Interaksi Sosial Etnis Cina dan Aneuk Jamee di Tapaktuan (Studi Kasus di Desa Pasar). UIN AR-RANIRY.

Yulianto, A. (2017). Unsur-Unsur Lokalitas Dalam Novel Galuh Hati Karya Randu Alamsyah (Locality Elements in Galuh Hati, Novel by Randu Alamsyah). Kandai, 13(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.26499/jk.v13i1.158

Yulsafli, Y., Erfinawati, E., & Suhanda, N. (2021). Perbedaan Dialek Tapaktuan Dan Dialek Samadua Dalam Bahasa Jamee Kabupaten Aceh Selatan. Jurnal Serambi Akademica, 9(11).

Yulsafli, Y., & Suhanda, N. (2019). Perbedaan Dialek Tapaktuan dan Dialek Samadua dalam Bahasa Jamèe Kabupaten Aceh Selatan.


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.15408/bat.v30i1.34246

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Zulkhairi Zulkhairi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.