1. Home
  2. Vol 27, No 2 (2021)
  3. Arifin

Political and Cultural Islam: A Historical Phenomenon in Indonesia

Azis Arifin, Didin Saepudin

Abstract


This article aimed to reveal the periodization of political  and cultural Islam in Indonesia from time to time. In its development, political and cultural Islam had become an entity that hadattracted the attention of academics in Indonesia. Both types of Islam have always been part of the history of this nation. Therefore, the periodization of the rounds needs to be disclosed in a neat and measurable manner. This research was qualitative using a historical approach, and the existing data were presented in a descriptive analytical manner. The primary data of the research covered the statutes and bylaw of Islamic parties, such as Partai Syarikat Islam Indonesia (PSII), Masyumi Party, Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP), Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS) and Partai Bulan Bintang (PBB), while the secondary data were documents of works of Indonesian authors, journals, and online news or articles. The results revealed that the periodization of Indonesian political and cultural Islam started from pre-independence to post-reformation. PSII, Masyumi Party, PPP, PKS and PBB respectively were examples of political Islam that were established in their era. Meanwhile, cultural Islam was patronized by Jam'iyyat al-Khair, Al-Irsyad, Muhammadiyah, Persis and Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). Both types and groups of the Islam basically had the same goal, namely to carry out Sharia. Therefore, for the political and cultural Islam, the power and sympathy of the people seemed to support the realization of this goal.

Keywords


Indonesian Islam; the Periodization of Political Islam; Cultural Islam.

References


Ahnaf, M.I. (2016). Tiga Jalan Islam Politik di Indonesia: Reformasi, Refolusi dan Revolusi. Wawasan: Journal Ilmiah Agama dan Sosial Budaya, 1(2). https://doi.org/http”//dx.doi.org/10.15575/jw.v;i1.728

Azra, A. (1999). Islam Politik dan Islam Kultural: Islam Masa Pasca-Soeharto, dalam Arif Subhan, Inodnesia dalam Transisi Menuju Demokrasi. LSAF.

Azra, A. (2012). Revitalisasi Islam Politik dan Islam Kultural di Indonesia. Indo-Islamika, 1(2).

Baswedan, A. R. (2004). Political Islam in Indonesia Present and Future Trajectory. Asian Survey, 44(5). https://doi.org/131.104.62.10

Basyaib, H. (1999). Mengapa Partai Islam Kalah? Perjalanan Politik Islam dari Pra-Pemilu ’99 sampai Pemilihan Presiden. AlvaBet.

Buchori, D. S. (2009). Sejarah Politik Islam. Pustaka Intermasa.

Bush, R. (2009). Nahdlatul Ulama and the Struggle for Power within Islam and Politics in Indonesia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.

Evan, F. (2021). Amien Rais: Partai Ummat adalah Partai Bernafaskan Islam. https://mantrasukabumi.pikiran-rakyat.com/nasional/amp/pr-20789823/amien-rais-partai-ummat-adalah-partai-bernafaskan-islam

Firdaus, M. (2019). Islam Indonesia: Diskursus Islam Kultural dan Islam Politik. Indo-Islamika, 9(2).

Fogg, K. W. (2014). Seeking Arabs but Looking at Indonesians : Snouck Hurgronje ’ s Arab Lens on the Dutch East Indies. Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies (in Asia), 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/19370679.2014.12023237

Gunawan, A. (2004). Artikulasi Islam Kultural: Dari Tahapan Moral ke Periode Sejarah. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.

Hasan, N. (2006). BOOK REVIEW : Islam Politik , Teori Gerakan Sosial , dan Pencarian Model Pengkajian Islam Baru Lintas-Disiplin. Al-Ja>mi‘Ah, 44(1).

Ismail, F. (1995). Islam, Politics and Ideology in Indonesia: A Study of The Process of Muslim Acceptance of The Pancasila. Canada.

Kamil, S. (2013). Islam dan Politik di Indonesia Terkini: Islam dan Negara, Dakwah dan Politik, HMI, Anti-Korupsi, Demokrasi, NI, MMI, dan Perda Syari’ah. Pusat Studi Indonesia dan Arab.

Kuntowijoyo. (2018). Identitas Politik Umat Islam. IRCiSoD.

Lune, H., & Berg, B. L. (2017). Qualitative Research Methods for the Social Sciences. Pearson Education Limited.

McDowell, W. H. (2013). Historical Research A Guide. Routledge.

Merono-Penuela, A., Ashkpour, A., Erp, M. van, Mandemakers, K., Breure, L., Scharnhorst, A., Schlobach, S., & Harmelen, F. van. (2014). Semantic Technologies for Historical Research : A Survey. Semantic Web, 6(6).

Nisa, Y. F., Mubarak, M. Z., Ihsan, A. B., Suryani, Tasman, AlFajri, A., & Kirana, D. (2020). Partai Politik dan Pendidikan Agama Islam. Pusat Pengkajian Islam dan Masyarakat UIN Jakarta.

Noor, F. A. (2015). POPULAR RELIGIOSITY IN INDONESIA TODAY The Next Step after ‘Islam Kultural’? Al-Jāmi‘ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 53(2), 283–302. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2015.532.283-302

Parmudi, M. (2014). Islam dan Demokrasi di Indonesia; dalam Perspektif Pengembangan Pemikiran Politik Islam Laporan Hasil Penelitian Individual. IAIN Walisongo.

Rahman, A., Nurlela, & Rahmawan, A. D. (2020). Relasi Islam Kultural dan Politik Islam dalam Mewujudkan Masyarakat Madani di Indonesia. Supremasi: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, Hukum, & Pengajarannya, XV(1).

Ricklefs, M. C. (2001). A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1200. Palgrave.

Ritchey, J., & Muchtar, N. (2014). Indonesian Pesantren and Community Social Change: Moderate Islam’s Use of Media and Technology as Tools for Community Engagement. The Journal of Religion and Popular Culture, 26(3). https://doi.org/10.3138/jrpc.26.3.323

Romli, L. (2004). Partai Islam dan Pemilih Islam di Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Politik, 1(1).

Salik, M. (2020). Nahdlatul Ulama dan Gagasan Moderasi Islam. Literindo Berkah Jaya.

Salim, A. (2008). Challenging Secular State: The Islamization of Law in Modern Indonesia. University of Hawai Press.

Samsuri. (2004). Politik Islam Anti Komunis Pergumulan Masyumi dan PKI di Arena Demokrasi Liberal. Safiria Insania Press & MSI UII.

Sasongko, A. (2020). NU Care-Lazisnu Distribusikan Qurban di Daerah dan Dunia. Republika. https://www.google.com/amp/s/m.republika.co.id/amp/qec2x1313

Shokheh, M., Ebrahimi, M., & Yusoff, K. (2018). From Islamic Teaching to Social Charity: The Muhammadiyah Movement in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia; 1926-1940. Asian Culture and History, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.5539/ach.v10n2p58

Smith, B. J., & Woodward, M. (2015). (2014) Gender andPower in Indonesian Islam: Leaders, Feminists, Sufis and Pesantren Selves. London and New York: Routledge. 194 pages. isbn: 978-0-415- 64358-0. Asian Journal of Social Science, 43. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685314-04305010

Steenbrink, K. (1993). Indonesian Politics and A Muslim Theology of Religions: 1965-1990. Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/09596419308721008

Suparno. (2017). Ratusan Ribu Warga Nahdliyin Hadiri Istighasah Kubro di Sidoarjo. Detiknews. http://news.detik.com/berita-jawa-timur/d-3469339/ratusan-ribu-warga-nahdliyin-hadiri-istighasah-kubro-di-sidoarjo

Sweinstani, M.K.D. (2019). Partai Islam, Tafsir Agama, dan Representasi Perempuan dalam Partai Persatuan Pembangunan. POLITIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Politik, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.14710/politika.10.2.2019.179-198 Partai

Tim. (2015). Anggaran Dasar dan Anggaran Rumah Tangga Partai Bulan Bintang. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_parpol/AD%2520ART%2520PBB%25202019.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjJtMOW35nxAhUFOisKHQmNB6kQFjAAegQIBBAC&usg=AOvVaw2PPKSacF16zmmEiBEofTkE

Tim. (2016). Anggaran Dasar dan Anggaran Rumah Tangga Partai Persatuan Pembangunan. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_parpol/AD%2520ART%2520PPP%25202019.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjHpvb63pnxAhXNWisKHVN2Dw8QFjAAegQIAxAC&usg=AOvVaw2Cw4WIcvPXi5K7U96gSKfd

Tim. (2019). Anggaran Dasar dan Anggaran Rumah Tangga Partai Keadilan Sejahtera. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data/data_parpol/AD%2520ART%2520PKS%25202019.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjIu5zS2ZnxAhUNb30KHc_9C1cQFjACegQICRAC&usg=AOvVaw30IHN9r48i5FF2qHSpsLVu

Umaruddin. (1999). Membaca Pikiran Gus Dur dan Amien Rais tentang Demokrasi. Pustaka Belajar.

Wieringa, E. (2003). Islam and the Malay-Indonesian world: Transmission and responses by Peter Riddell. Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land- En Volkenkunde, 159(2). http://www.jstor.org/stable/27868059

Zuhri, L. S. (2018). Dinamika Islam Politik dan Islam Kultural di Indonesia. Indo-Islamika, 8(1).


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.15408/bat.v27i2.21137

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Azis Arifin, Didin Saepudin

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.