Islamic Law and Environment Issues: Indonesian Ulama Council’s Fatwas on Climate Change

Tri Harnowo, Fachry Hasani Habib

Abstract

Climate change is critical as it impacts people’s lives on the globe. With the value of raḥmatan li al-’ālamīn, Muslims can contribute to the issue, one of which is by the issuance of fatwa. It is an opinion expressed by Islamic jurists regarding the legal position of a new societal issue when there is no explicit legal provision. Although non-binding, fatwas are essential guidelines for Muslims. In the context of climate change, fatwas can represent the moral position of Indonesian Muslims towards contemporary global issues. The study indicates that MUI has progressively responded to climate change through fatwas. These fatwas have direct and indirect effects and are conceptually related to climate change. However, fatwas that directly address climate change as a central issue are still lacking in MUI’s fatwas. 


Abstrak: Perubahan iklim sangatlah penting untuk dikaji  karena hal itu berdampak pada kehidupan manusia di dunia. Dengan nilai ramatan li al-’ālamīn, umat Islam dapat berkontribusi dalam permasalahan tersebut yang di antaranya dengan dengan mengeluarkan fatwa. Fatwa merupakan pendapat yang dikemukakan oleh para ahli hukum Islam mengenai kedudukan hukum suatu persoalan masyarakat yang baru apabila tidak ada ketentuan hukum yang tegas. Meski tidak mengikat, fatwa merupakan pedoman penting bagi umat Islam. Dalam konteks perubahan iklim, fatwa dapat mewakili posisi moral umat Islam Indonesia terhadap isu-isu global kontemporer. Kajian ini  menunjukkan bahwa Majelis Ulama Indoesia (MUI) telah bersikap progresif dalam menyikapi permasalahan ini melalui fatwa. Fatwa-fatwa tersebut dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi fatwa  yang  berdampak langsung dan tidak langsung secara konseptual yang terkait dengan perubahan iklim. Namun, fatwa yang secara langsung membahas perubahan iklim sebagai isu sentral masih belum ada dalam fatwa MUI.


Keywords


climate change; fatwa; Islamic Law; adaptation and mitigation

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DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v24i1.34161

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