The Loose Interpretation of Dominus Litis Principle in Marriage Dispensation for Underage Marriage in Banten
Abstract
The judges of Religious Courts play a crucial role in reducing underage marriages. The judges can consider marriage dispensation by emphasizing the principle of dominus litis, which can be understood as a case controller. Since the Religious Courts in Banten have granted considerable dispensation appeals, the early-age marriages have increased significantly. This research examines the implementation of the dominus litis principle and the difficulties in establishing the grounds for urgent marriage dispensation. The data were collected via observations and interviews with the judges, former judges, lawyers, and societies. This research employs the juridical-empirical research technique, examining several facts and data generated by the public. The study reveals that to approve marriage dispensation, the judges of Religious
Courts merely focus on the legal truth from the applicants’ statements, the underage marriage candidates, witnesses from applicants’ immediate families, and document evidence presented with the application. Judges rarely summon additional witnesses from specialists and professionals focusing on the children’s issues, which might strengthen formal legal evidence. The court granted the request to safeguard the children from immoral behavior, contradicting the common public ethics and morals and ignoring a significant principle of dominus litis.
Abstrak: Hakim Pengadilan Agama memiliki peran penting untuk menekan kasus perkawinan dini. Hakim dapat mempertimbangkan dispensasi nikah dengan menekankan prinsip dominus litis, yaitu hakim sebagai pengendali perkara. Sejak permohonan dispensasi banyak dikabulkan oleh pengadilan agama di Banten, perkawinan dini di Banten mengalami peningkatan secara signifikan. Studi ini menganalisis penerapan "dominus litis principle" dan kendalanya dalam pembuktian alasan mendesak dispensasi nikah. Data diperoleh dari hasil observasi dan wawancara dengan hakim, mantan hakim, pengacara dan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menerapkan motode penelitian hukum yuridis-empiris yang berfokus pada penilaian terhadap berbagai fakta dan data dari masyarakat. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa hakim Pengadilan Agama umumnya hanya bertugas mencari kebenaran formil dari keterangan pemohon, anak yang dimohonkan dispensasi, saksi-saksi dari orang dekat pemohon, dan bukti dokumen yang diajuan oleh pemohon. Hakim jarang sekali mendatangkan saksi tambahan dari para ahli dan profesional lain yang berhubungan dengan dunia anak yang bisa menguatkan alat bukti. Hakim memutuskan untuk mengabulkan permohonan dengan alasan menjauhkan anak dari tindak asusila yang bertentangan dengan etika dan moral yang berlaku di tengah masyarakat umum dan mengabaikan peran penting prinsip dominus litis.
Keywords
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Budapest International Research and Critics Institute. (BIRCI-Journal):
Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(4), 2986–2993. https://doi.org/https://doi.
org/10.33258/birci.v3i4.1321
DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v23i2.29881
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