The Language of Fatwa: Understanding Linguistic Violence in the Indonesian Ulama Council’s Fatwa on Ahmadiyah
Abstract
This study aims to reveal the linguistic violence in the Indonesian Ulama Council’s fatwa texts on Ahmadiyah. The data in this study is in the form of words, phrases, sentences, and discourses from the MUI fatwa texts in 1980 and 2005 on Ahmadiyah. Some words contain linguistic violence such as “deviant”, “infidel”, and “a state threaten”. This study concludes two forms of linguistic violence in those fatwas: the subtle and abusive forms of violence. In the subtle form, the language is operated to dominate other parties. In addition, the language is also used as an offensive and abusive expression carried out consciously in a discourse. This is used to attack other parties and as a tool to hurt others.
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap kekerasan linguistik dalam teks fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) tentang Ahmadiyah. Dalam teks tersebut terdapat kata-kata yang mengandung unsur kekerasan linguistik seperti “sesat menyesatkan”, “berada di luar Islam” dan “bahaya bagi ketertiban dan keamanan negara.” Data dalam penelitian ini berupa kata, frasa, kalimat, dan wacana yang berasal dari teks fatwa MUI tahun 1980 dan 2005 tentang Ahmadiyah tersebut. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat dua bentuk kekerasan linguistik pada kedua fatwa tentang Ahmadiyah tersebut. Pertama, kekerasan linguistik bentuk halus (subtle form). Kedua, kekerasan linguistik bentuk kasar (abusive form). Pada kekerasan linguistik bentuk halus (subtle form), bahasa dioperasikan sebagai wahana untuk mendominasi pihak lain. Sementara pada kekerasan linguistik bentuk kasar (abusive form) bahasa digunakan sebagai ekspresi ofensif yang dilakukan secara sadar dalam sebuah wacana. Dalam kekerasan linguistik bentuk kasar, bahasa dimanfaatkan untuk menyerang pihak lain seperti memberi label sesat menyesatkan. Selain itu, bahasa juga digunakan sebagai sarana untuk menyakiti pihak lain.
Keywords
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DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v21i1.20218
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