1. Home
  2. Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 6, No. 2, November 2020
  3. Hendrawati

Facial Mask Formulation Enriched with Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera) Extract and Their Activity as Antioxidants and Antibacterials

Hendrawati Hendrawati, Yulyani Nur Azizah, Niah Kusuma Hapsari

Abstract


Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) are useful for skin health as an additional ingredient for cosmetics, such as facial mask. This study aims to determine the optimum formula of Moringa leaves extract in powder mask, evaluate its activity as an antioxidant and antibacterial, while also ascertaining its characteristics, based on the quality requirements of SNI 16-6070-1999 and SNI 16-4399-1996 for cosmetics and skin moisturizers, respectively. Facial mask formula was made through various concentrations of Moringa leaves methanol extract 12.5%, 17.5%, 25%, and 35%, with its optimum formulation determined by panelists’ preference level, based on organoleptic test results. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity was carried out, using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) method, while that of the antibacterial towards Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was performed, through the use of the diffusion technique, with the active compound also being analyzed, using GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry). The results however, showed that the antioxidant and antibacterial activities in the facial mask formula were lower than when in their extract form. The facial mask formula with the addition of 35% Moringa leaves extract (F4), had the highest inhibitory value of 66,04%, while the antibacterial activity against S. aureus occured at concentrations ≥ 0.125 g/mL. Also, the result of GC-MS analysis of Moringa leaves extract, showed quinic (peak 7, Rt = 21,165 minutes) and linoleic acid as the highest peak (peak 12, Rt = 29,439 minutes). Based on panelists' preference level, the result of Anova and Duncan Test analysis showed that the most optimum facial mask product was with 17.5% Moringa leaves extract (F2), with a score of 3.29. Therefore, all characterization of mask formula with 12.5%, 17.5%, 25%, and 35% additional amount of Moringa leaves extract, have met up with the requirements for SNI 16-6070-1999 and SNI 16-4380-1996 criterias, together with the pH value of 5.45 - 6.02, specific gravity 1 g/mL, emulsion stability 96.57 - 97.05%, and negative microbial contamination.

Keywords


Antibacterial; antioxidant; facial mask; Moringa oleifera.

References


Ali A, Akhtar N, Mumtaz AM, Khan MS, Iqbal MF, Zaidi SS. 2013. In vivo skin irritation potential of a cream containing Moringa oleifera leaf extract. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 7(6): 289-293.

Amberg N, Fogarassy C. 2019. Green customer behavior in the cosmetics market. Resources. 8(137): 1-19.

Chanchal D, Swarnlata S. 2008. Novel approaches in herbal cosmetics. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology. 7: 89-95.

Davis WW, Stout TR. 1971. Disc plate method of microbiological antibiotic assay II. novel procedure offering improved accuracy. Applied Microbiology. 22(4): 666-670.

Fitriana WD, Ersam T, Shimizu K, Fatmawati S. 2016. Antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera extracts. Indones. J. Chem. 3: 297-301.

Gopalakrishnan L, Doriya K, Kumar DS. 2016. Moringa oleifera: a review on nutritive importance and its medicinal application. Food Science and Human Wellness. 5(2): 49-56.

Hasanah U, Yusriadi, Khumaidi A. 2017. Formulation gel of ethanolic's extract of the leaves of Moringa oleifera Lam as an antioxidant. Journal of Natural Science. 6(1): 46-57.

Hendrawati, Rohaeti E, Effendi H, Darusman LK. 2015. Characterization of physico-chemical properties of nano-sized Moringa oleifera seed powder and its application as natural coagulant in water purification process. Journal of Environment and Earth Science. 5(21): 19-26.

Hendrawati, Savitri AK, Fitriyati N, Mustika AA. 2019. Formulation of the body scrub cream containing moringa seed powder (Moringa oleifera) and its examination dermal acute irritation. International Journal of Geomate. 17(62): 244-249.

Iqbal S, Bhanger MI. 2006. Effect of season and production location on antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera leaves grown in Pakistan. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 19: 544-551.

Ismiyati N, Trilestrasi. 2014. Formulation development of avocado leaf water extract (Persea americana Mill) mask as antibacterial Staphylococcus aureus for acne treatment. Pharmaciana. 4(1): 45-52.

Joshi LS, Pawar HA. 2015. Herbal cosmetics and cosmoceuticals: an overview. Natural Products Chemistry & Research. 3(2): 1-8.

Karra S, Sebii H, Jardak M, Bouaziz MA, Attia H, Blecker C, Besbes S. 2020. Male date palm flowers: valuable nutritional food ingredients and alternative antioxidant source and antimicrobial agent. South African Journal of Botany. 131: 181-187.

Kasolo JN, Bimenya GS, Ojok L, Ochieng J, Ogwal-okeng JW. 2010. Phytochemicals and uses of Moringa oleifera leaves in Ugandan rural communities. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 4(9): 753-757.

Lee J, Kim Y, Gyu J, Lee J. 2017. Supercritical fluid extracts of Moringa oleifera and their unsaturated fatty acid component inhibit biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus. Food Control. 80: 74-82.

Maliana Y, Khotimah S, Diba F. 2013. Aktivitas antibakteri kulit Garcinia mangostana Linn. terhadap pertumbuhan Flavobacterium dan Enterobacter dari Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. Jurnal Protobiont. 2(1): 7-11.

Maphosa Y, Jideani VA. 2018. Factors affecting the stability of emulsions stabilised by biopolymers in S. karakus (Ed.). Science and Technology Behind Nanoemulsions. 65-81.

Moyo B, Masika PJ, Hugo A, Muchenje V. 2011. Nutritional characterization of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves. African Journal of Biotechnology. 10(60): 12925-12933.

Neza E, Centini M. 2016. Microbiologically contaminated and over-preserved cosmetic product according Rapex 2008-2014. Cosmetics. 3(3): 1-11.

Nilforoushzadeh MA, Amirkhani MA, Zarrintaj P, Moghaddam AS, Mehrabi T, Alavi S, Sisakht MM. 2018. Skin care and rejuvenation by cosmeceutical facial mask. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology. 17: 693-702.

Nurindo F, Indra MR, Lyrawati D. 2013. Ekstrak metanol daun kelor mempengaruhi ekspresi p53 mukosa kolon tikus yang diinduksi DMBA. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya. 27(4): 207-211.

Offor I, Ehiri R. 2014. Proximate nutritional analysis and heavy metal composition of dried Moringa oleifera leaves from Oshiri Onicha L.G.A., Ebonyi State, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Environment Science, Toxicology and Food Technology. 1(1): 57-62.

Pardede A, Manjang Y, Efdi M. 2013. Phytochemical screenings methanol extract from bark of manggis (Garcinia cymosa). Media Sains. 6(2): 60-66.

Rahmahani FN, Indra MR, Lyrawati D. 2013. Methanol extract Moringa oleifera leaves affects p53 expression in Rattus novergicus colon mucosa induced by DMBA. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya. 27(4): 207-211.

Ramadhani CI, Ermawati DE. 2020. Formulation of anti-acne gel of Moringa oleifera L. ethanolic extract and bacteriostatic test on Staphylococcus epidermidis. Majalah Farmaseutik. 16(2): 154-162.

Ribeiro AS, Estanqueiro M, Oleivera MB, Lobo JM. 2015. Main benefits and applicability of plants extracts in skin care products. Cosmetic. 2: 48-65.

Sankhalkar S, Vernekar V. 2016. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of phenolic and flavonoid content in Moringa oleifera Lam and Ocimum tenuiflorum L. Pharmacognosy Reseacrh. 8(1): 16-21.

Seyoum A, Asres K, El-fiky FK. 2006. Structure radical scavenging activity relationship of flavonoids. Phytochemistry. 67: 2058-2070.

Small E. 2012. Top 100 Exotic Food Plants. London(UK): Taylor & Francis Group.

Tunas TH, Edy HJ, Siampa JP. 2019. Efek antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) dan sediaan masker gel peel-off ekstrak etanol daun kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.). Jurnal Mipa. 8(3): 112-115.

Ulusoy S, Bosgelmez-Tmaz G, Secilmis-Canbay H. 2009. Tocopherol, carotene, phenolic contents and antibacterial properties of rose essential oil, hydrosol and absolute. Current Microbiology. 59: 554-558.

Wang S, Li C, Copeland L, Niu Q, Wang S. 2015. Starch retrogradation: a comprehensive review. Comprehensive Review in Food Science and Food Safety. 14: 568-585.


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v6i2.16982

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Hendrawati Hendrawati, Yulyani Nur Azizah, Niah Kusuma Hapsari

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.