Konflik Sosial di Kota Ternate Tahun 1999-2000

Abstract

Ternate is a transit city in the North Maluku region. As one of the transit cities, Ternate has a diversity of ethnicities, tribes, religions, and races that live in harmony and coexist with each other by upholding the values of indigenous culture adat se atorang. However, this coexistence suddenly disappeared when a social conflict occurred in 1999, both between religions, Islam and Christianity, and between community groups, namely the White Army and the Yellow Army. This thesis aims to explain the social conflict that occurred in Ternate City in 1999-2000. In writing this thesis, the author uses the historical method with a sociological approach, coupled with the Conflict theory proposed by Ralf Dahrendorf (1959). The discussion of this thesis focuses on the order of social life at the time of the social conflict in Ternate City in 1999-2000 and the impact afterwards. Based on the data found, it is concluded that the conflict that developed was caused by several factors, namely the political upheaval of local elites who were thirsty for power, which led to polarisation in the layers of society so that conflict between communities was inevitable. In addition, with the existence of PP. No. 42/1999 on the expansion of Malifut Sub-district in Kao area also became an important factor in the conflict in Ternate City, with the evacuation of Makian residents to Ternate City. The influx of refugees from Ambon also contributed to the outbreak of social conflict. During the conflict, customary ties and adat se atorang culture that have been embedded in the community as one of the social ties between communities in Ternate City have an important role in obtaining peace.