Hakekat dan Batasan-Batasan Gharar Dalam Transaksi Maliyah

Muh Fudhail Rahman

Abstract


Abstract:

Gharar is an important term in muamalat business practices. As Imam Nawawi stated when commenting on the hadith of Imam Muslim about the prohibition on gharar buying and selling, that the prohibition on gharar buying and selling is something very urgent in the discussion points about buying and selling. Generally, the problem of prohibited buying and selling is caused by containing gharar. The practice of business transactions that once existed in the early days of Islam returned again in the present. Basically, the forms and patterns in buying and selling practices that are oriented to profit both individually and collectively up to various fraudulent practices and detrimental to other parties is the repetition of the band of history. In this paper, try to describe the nature of the theory of buying and selling gharar.

Keywords: Gharar, Buy and Sell, Muamalat

 

Abstrak:

Gharar menjadi satu term larangan penting dalam praktek bisnis muamalat. Sebagaimana yang diutarakan oleh Imam Nawawi ketika berkomentar atas hadis riwayat Imam Muslim tentang larangan jual beli gharar, bahwa larangan pada jual beli gharar adalah sesuatu yang sangat urgen dalam pokok-pokok pembahasan tentang jual beli. Umumnya problematika jual beli yang terlarang disebabkan karena mengandung gharar. Praktek transaksi bisnis yang pernah ada di masa awal-awal Islam kembali berulang pada masa sekarang. Secara mendasar bentuk dan pola dalam praktek jual beli yang berorientasi untuk mencari untung baik secara individu maupun kolektif hingga ke berbagai praktek culas dan merugikan pihak lain adalah pengulangan kembali pita sejarah. Pada tulisan ini, mencoba mendeskripsikan tentang teori hakekat jual beli gharar.

Kata Kunci: Gharar, Jual Beli, Muamalat


Full Text:

PDF

References


‘Abidin, Muhammad Amin al-Shahir bi Ibnu. Hashiyah Rad al-Mukhtar ‘ala al-Dar al-Mukhtar, Mesir: Matba’ah Mustafa al-Bab al-Halabi, Cet. 2, jil. 5, 1386 H.

‘Abidin, Muhammad Amin bin ‘Umar ‘Abidin al-Shahir bi Ibni. Radd al-Muhtar ‘ala al-Durr al-Mukhtar, Penerbit Bulaq, jil. 4, 1836.

Abadi, Al-Fairuz. Al-Qamus al-Muhit, http://www.alwarraq.com, al-Maktabah al-Syamilah, juz. 1, tt.

Aji, Ahmad Mukri. Urgensi Maslahat Mursalah Dalam Dialektika Pemikiran Hukum Islam, Bogor: Pustaka Pena Ilahi, 2012.

Al-‘Ubaidi Rashid Abdul Rahman. (Tahqiq), Almustadrak tahdzib al-Lugha Lilazhari.

Al-Amidi, al-Ahkam fi Usul al-Ahkam Lilamidi, 2/275.

Al-Baji, Abu al-Walid Sulaiman bin Khalaf. Al-Muntaqa Sharh Muwatta’, Jeddah: Maktabah al-Andalusi, jilid 5, tt.

Al-Baji, Sulaiman bin Khalaf. al-Muntaqa Sharh al-Muwatta’, Penerbit as-Sa’adah, Jilid 1.

Al-Batili, Khalid bin Abdul ‘Aziz. Ahadits al-Buyu’ al-Manhiyu ‘anha, Riyad: Dar al-Kunuz Isybiliya, Cet 1, 2004.

Al-Busti, Abu Sulaiman Hamdi bin Muhammad al-Khattabi. Ma’alim al-Sunan Sharh Sunan Abu Dawud, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, Cet. 1 Jil.3, 1991.

Al-Darir, Siddiq Muhammad al-Amin. Al-Gharar fi al-‘Uqud wa Atsaruhu fi al-Tatbiqat al-Mu’asirah, Saudi Arabiyah: al-Ma’had al-Islami Lilbuhuts wa al-Tadrib [IDB], Cet. 1, 1993.

Al-Gharar in Contracts and Its Effect on Contemporary Transactions, terbit tahun 1997.

Al-Hanbali, Abu al-Farji Abdurrahman bin Rajab. Al-Qawa’id al-Nuraniyah, Beirut: Dar al-Ma’rifah, tt.

Ali, Atabik. & Muhdloi, Ahmad Zuhdi. Kamus Kontemporer Arab Indonesia, Yogyakarta: Pondok Pesantren Krapyak, cet. 3, 1998.

Al-Jauzi, Ibnu al-Qayyim. Zad al-Ma’ad fi Hadyi Khair al-‘Ibad, Tahqiq Shu’aib al-Arnauti dan Ba’du al-Qadir al-Arnauti, Beirut: Muassasah al-Risalah, Cet. 14, jil. 5, 1996.

Al-Jazari, Majiduddin Ubai al-Sa’adat al-Mubarak bin Muhammad bin al-Utsair. Jami al-Usul fi Ahadits al-Rasul Saw, Tahqiq oleh Abd al-Qadir al-Arnaut Damaskus: Dar al-Bayan, jil. 10, 1969.

Al-Khudri, Usul al-Fiqh,

Al-Maliki, Ibnu Jazyi al-Garnati. Qawanin al-Ahkam al-Sar’iyah, Tahqiq: Abdul Rahman Hasan Mahmud, Cairo: Maktabah ‘Alam al-Fikr, Cet. 1, 1986.

Al-Maqdisi, Abu Muhammad ‘Abdullah bin Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Qudamah. Al-Mughni, Dar al-Manar, jilid 4, 1947.

Al-Mawwaq, Abdullah Muhammad bin Yusuf. Al-Majallah al-‘Adliyah, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyah, cet. 1.

Al-Mi’yar al-Shar’i No. 31, “Dabit al-Gharar al-Mufsid Lilmu’amalat al-Maliyah”.

Al-Naisaburi, Abu Bakar bin Muhammad bun Ibrahim bin al-Mundzir. Al-Ausat fi al-Sunan wa al-Ijma’ wa al-Ikhtilaf, Tahqiq: Sagir Ahmad bin Muhammad Hanif, Riyad: Dar Tayyibah, Cet. 2, 1998.

Al-Nawawi, Abu Zakariya Muhyiddin bin Sharf. Al-Majmu’ Sharh al-Muhadzdzab, Tahqiq: Muhammad bin Najib al-Muti’i, Cairo: Dar al-Turats al-‘Arabi, jilid 9, 1994.

Al-Nawawi, Abu Zakariyah Muhyiddin Ibn Sharaf. Al-Majmu’ Sharh al-Muhadhab, Matba’ah al-Tadamun al-Akhwa, Juz 6, 676H.

Al-Nawawi, Abu Zakariyah Yahya bin Syarif bin Mari. Al-Minhaj Sharh Sahih Muslim bin al-Hajjaj, Sharh al-Nawawi ‘ala Sahih Muslim, Beirut: Dar Ihyai al-Turath al-‘Arabi, Juz. 10, Cet. 2, 1972.

Al-Nawawi, Al-Imam. Sharh al-Muhadzdzab, Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turats al-‘Arabi, jil. 9, tt.

Al-Nawawi, Sahih Muslim Bisharhi. Kairo: Dar al-Rayyan, Jil. 10, 1407H.

Al-Qanuji, Muhammad Siddiq Hasan Khan. Al-Raudah al-Nadiyah Sharh al-Darar al-Bahiyah, Riyad: Maktabah al-Kautsar, Cet. 4, jil. 2, 1996.

Al-Qarafi, Shihabuddin. Al-Furuq, Beirut: Dar al-Ma’rifah, jil. 3, tt..

Al-Qurtubi, Abu al-Walid Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Rashad. Al-Muqaddimat al-Mumahadat, Penerbit al-Sa’adah jil. 2, 1325.

Al-Qurtubi, Abu al-Walid Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Rushdi. Al-Muqaddimat al-Mumahadat Libayan ma iqtadathu rusum al-Muadawwanah min al-Ahkami al-Syar’iyat wa al-Tahsyilat al-Muhakkamat Liummahati Masailuha al-Mushkilat, Beirut: Dar al-Maghrib al-Islami, jil. 2, cet. 1, 1408H.

Al-Rafii, Abdul Karim. Fath al-‘Aziz sharh al-Wajiz, dikutip dalam kitab al-Majmu’ Sharh al-Muhadzdzab, Beirut: Dar al-Fikr jil. 8, tt.

Al-Salami, Abdullah. Al-Taghrir fi al-Mudarabat fi Bursah al-Auraq al-Maliyah Tausifuhu wa Hukumuh, Workshop ke-20 Majlis al-Fiqh al-Islami yang diadakan di Makkah al-Mukarramah 25-29 Desember 2010, (Makkah al-Mukarramah: Rabitah al-‘Alam al-Islami, Majma’ al-Fiqh al-Islami, tt).

Al-Sarkhasi, Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Sahal. Al-Mabsut, Mesir: Penerbit al-Sa’adah, jil. 13, 1047.

Al-Suyuti, Jalaluddin ‘Abdurrahman bin Abu Bakar. Al-Ashbah wa al-Nazair Kairo: Percetakan al-Halabi, 1505.

Al-Taj wa al-Iklil ( jil. 6)

Al-Zahiri, Ibnu Hazm. Al-Mahalli, Tahqiq: Ahmad Muhammad Shakir, Cairo: Maktabah Dar al-Turats, jilid 8, tt.

Al-Zuhaili, Wahbah. Mausu'ah al-Fiqhi al-Islami wa al-Qadayah al-Mu'asirah, Damaskus: Dar al-Fikir al-Mu'asir, Jil. 4, Cet. 1, 2010.

Dharma, Setia. "Perlindungan Merek Terdaftar Dari Kejahatan Dunia Maya Melalui Pembatasan Pendaftaran Nama Domain", dalam Jurnal Cita Hukum, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2014).

Iqbal, Zami. & Mirakhor, Abbas. An Introduction To Islamic Finance: Theory and Practice, (Terj. Oleh A.K. Anwar dengan judul Pengantar Keuangan Islam: Teori dan Praktek, (Jakarta: Kencana, Cet. 1, 2008),.

Karim, Adiwarman .Islamic banking: Fiqh and Financial Analysis, Jakarta: Rajawali Press, Ed. 4, 2011.

Manzur, Ibnu. Lisan al-‘Arab, Beirut: Dar Sadr, jil. 5, cet. 3, 1993,

Mustafa al-Zarqa, al-Madkhal al-‘Am (jilid 1).

Mustafa, Ibrahim. Mu’jam al-Wasit (Istanbul: Dar al-Da’wah, jil. 2, tt)

Sharh Imam Nawawi ‘ala Sahih Muslim, jus. 5.

Sharh Sahih Muslim, 10/156-157.

Taimiyah, Ibnu. (syaikh al-Islam) Nazariyat al-‘Aqd, Beirut: Dar al-Ma’rifah, tt.

Taimiyah, Ibnu. Majumu’ Fatawa, Tahqiq oleh Abdul Rahman bin Muhammad bin Qasim, (Madinah Munawwarah: Majma’ al-Malik Fahd, tt.

Yunus, Nur Rohim. Restorasi Budaya Hukum Masyarakat Indonesia, Bogor: Jurisprudence Press, 2012.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/sjsbs.v5i3.9799 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.