Islamic and Conventional Banks Stability in Indonesia

Shabeer Khan, Nur Amalia Aziza, Allah Ditta Nawaz

Abstract


Research Originality: The stability of banking institutions is crucial for the overall financial health of a country. The originality of this paper lies in its innovative use of quantile regression analysis to provide a nuanced understanding of the factors influencing bank stability, particularly in the Indonesian context.

Research Objectives: This research identifies factors influencing bank stability in Islamic and conventional banks in Indonesia.

Research Methods: Utilizing quantile regression analysis to measure the impact of various factors at different quantiles, addressing the existing mixed findings in the literature. This study utilizes 15 years of data, encompassing 61 observations for Islamic banks and 779 observations for conventional banks in Indonesia.

Empirical Results: The study identifies impaired loans as the primary determinant of bank stability in Indonesia, with a notably greater impact on conventional banks compared to Islamic banks. Notably, the upper quantile of Islamic banks indicates a decline or a lesser impact on bank stability.  The paper additionally concludes that the stability of Islamic banks in Indonesia is comparatively lower than conventional banks.

Implications: By offering insights into the different levels of factors affecting bank stability, the study contributes to the existing literature, sheds light on unique dynamics, and highlights potential recommendations for enhancing bank stability, especially in the context of non-performing loans.

JEL Classification: C21, C23, G21

How to Cite:

Khan, S., Aziza, N. A., & Nawaz, A. D. (2024). Islamic and Conventional Banks Stability in Indonesia. Etikonomi, 23(1), 167 – 182. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v23i1.33879.


Keywords


Bank stability; Islamic banks; conventional banks; Indonesia; quantile regression

References


Al-Kayed, L. T., & Aliani, K. C. (2020). Effects of Focus versus Diversification on Bank Risk and Return: Evidence from Islamic Banks’ Loan Portfolios. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 11(9), 2155-2168.

Ali, M., & Puah, C. H. (2019). The Internal Determinants of Bank Profitability and Stability. Management Research Review, 42(1), 49-67.

Alqahtani, F., & Mayes, D. G. (2018). Financial Stability of Islamic Banking and the Global Financial Crisis: Evidence from the Gulf Cooperation Council. Economic Systems, 42(2), 346-360.

Azmi, W., Ali, M., Arshad, S., & Rizvi, S. A. R. (2019). Intricacies of Competition, Stability, and Diversification: Evidence from Dual Banking Economies. Economic Modelling, 83, 111-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2019.02.002.

Baselga-Pascual, L., Trujillo-Ponce, A., & Cardone-Riportella, C. (2015). Factors Influencing Bank Risk in Europe: Evidence from the Financial Crisis. The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, 34, 138-166.

Bourkhis, K., & Nabi, M. S. (2013). Islamic and Conventional Banks' Soundness During the 2007–2008 Financial Crisis. Review of Financial Economics, 22, 68-77.

Chand, S. A., Kumar, R. R., & Stauvermann, P. J. (2021). Determinants of Bank Stability in a Small Island Economy: A Study of Fiji. Accounting Research Journal, 34(1), 22-42.

Cihak, M., & Hesse, H. (2010). Islamic Banks and Financial Stability: An Empirical Analysis. IMF Working Papers, 38, 95-113.

Davino, C., Furno, M., & Vistocco, D. (2014). Quantile Regression Theory and Applications. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Desogus, M., & Venturi, B. (2023). Stability and Bifurcations in Banks and Small Enterprises—A Three-Dimensional Continuous-Time Dynamical System. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 16(3), 171. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16030171.

Diamond, D. W., & Kashyap, A. K. (2016). Liquidity Requirements, Liquidity Choice, and Financial Stability. In Taylor, J. B., & Uhlih, H. (Eds). Handbook of Macroeconomics, Netherlands: Elsevier.

Estes, K. (2014). Diversification and Community Bank Performance during a Financial Crisis. International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies, 3, 1-40.

Fakhri, U., Anwar, S., Ismal, R., & Ascarya, A. (2020). Comparison of Sharia and Conventional Banking Bankruptcy Rates in Indonesia. Tazkia Islamic Finance and Business Review, 13, 125-141. https://doi.org/10.30993/tifbr.v13i2.193.

Fakhri, U. N., & Darmawan, A. (2020). Comparison of Islamic and Conventional Banking Financial Performance during the Covid-19 Period. International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance, 4, 19-40.

Ghoniyah, N., & Hartono, S. (2020). How Islamic and Conventional Bank in Indonesia Contributing Sustainable Development Goals Achievement. Cogent Economics & Finance, 8(1), 1856458. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2020.1856458

Goetz, M., Laeven, L., & Levine, R. (2021). Do Bank Insiders Impede Equity Issuances? NBER Working Paper No. 27442.

Huang, R., & Ratnovski, L. (2011). The Dark Side of Bank Wholesale Funding. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 20(2), 248-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfi.2010.06.003.

Hussein, K. (2010). Bank-Level Stability Factors and Consumer Confidence – A Comparative Study of Islamic and Conventional Banks’ Product Mix. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 15, 259-270. https://doi.org/10.1057/fsm.2010.21.

Ijaz, S., Hassan, A., Tarazi, A., & Fraz, A. (2020). Linking Bank Competition, Financial Stability, and Economic Growth. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 21(1), 200-221. https://doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2020.11761.

Iqbal, M., Hakim, L., & Aziz, M. A. (2024). Determinants of Islamic Bank Stability in Asia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, In-press.

Kabir, M., Worthington, A., & Gupta, R. (2015). Comparative Credit Risk in Islamic and Conventional Bank. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 34, 327-353.

Kasri, R., & Azzahra, C. (2020). Determinants of Bank Stability in Indonesia. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 9, 153-166. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v9i2.15598.

Khaled, R. S. M., Ferdous, C. M. A., & Chowdhury, T. T. (2021). Nexus among Bank Competition, Efficiency and Financial Stability: A Comprehensive Study in Bangladesh. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(2), 317-328.

Khan, S., Aslan, H., Khan, U. A., & Bhatti, M. I. (2022). Are Islamic and Conventional Banks Decoupled? Empirical Evidence from Turkey. International Journal of Emerging Markets, In-press. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-08-2022-1233.

Khattak, M. A., Abdul Hamid, B., Islam, M. U., & Ali, M. (2021). Competition, Diversification, and Stability in the Indonesian Banking System. Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking, 24(Special Issue), 59-88.

Kurtoglu, B., & Durusu-Ciftci, D. (2024). Identifying the Nexus between Financial Stability and Economic Growth: the Role of Stability Indicators. Journal of Financial Economic Policy, 16(2), 226-246. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfep-09-2023-0260.

Lepetit, L., Nys, E., Rous, P., & Tarazi, A. (2013). Bank Income Structure and Risk: An Empirical Analysis of European Banks. Journal of Banking & Finance, 32, 1452-1467.

Lestari, D., Ma, S., & Jun, A. (2023). Enhancing Bank Stability from Diversification and Digitalization Perspective in ASEAN. Studies in Economics and Finance, 40(4), 606-624. https://doi.org/10.1108/sef-12-2022-0554.

Lu, Y., & Wang, Y. (2023). Bank Liquidity Hoarding and Bank Systemic Risk: The Moderating Effect of Economic Policy Uncertainty. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 82, 102189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2023.102189.

Maulana, M., & Rusmita, S. (2019). Bank Fundamentals and Equity Financing in Indonesia. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 9, 197-216.

Messai, A., & Jouini, F. (2013). Micro and Macro Determinants of Non-performing Loans. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 3, 852-860.

Noman, A. H. M., Gee, C. S., & Isa, C. R. (2017). Does competition improve financial stability of the banking sector in ASEAN countries? An empirical analysis. PLOS ONE, 12(5), e0176546. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176546

Nwafor, C. N., & Nwafor, O. Z. (2023). Determinants of Non-Performing Loans: An Explainable Ensemble and Deep Neural Network Approach. Finance Research Letters, 56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2023.104084.

Othman, N., Abdul-Majid, M., & Abdul-Rahman, A. (2023). Equity Financing and Islamic bank stability: evidence from Malaysia and Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 16(6), 1248-1268.

Qatawneh, S., & Alqatawneh, O. (2018). Exploring the Use of Light and Colour to Detract and Enhance the Plot of 3D Rendered Scenes. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 4, 74-94.

Sanya, S., & Wolfe, S. (2011). Can Banks in Emerging Economies Benefit from Revenue Diversification? Journal of Financial Services Research, 40, 79-101.

Šeho, M., Shaiban, M. S. M., & Ghafoor, A. (2023). Loan and Financing Diversification and Bank Stability in Dual-banking Systems. Finance Research Letters, 51, 103395.

Setyawati, I., Molina, Muhani, Karyatun, S., Awaludin, D. T., & Wiweka, K. (2022). Stability and Resilience of Islamic Banking System: A Closer Look at The Macroeconomic Effects. Quality - Access to Success, 23(187).

Sheila, M. N., & Abdul, C. D. (2021). Loan Diversification, Market Concentration, and Stability in the Indonesian Banking Industry. Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Research in Social Sciences and Humanities Universitas Indonesia Conference (APRISH 2019).

Shim, J. (2019). Loan Portfolio Diversification, Market Structure and Bank Stability. Journal of Banking & Finance, 104, 103-115.

Sidhu, A. V., Rastogi, S., Gupte, R., & Bhimavarapu, V. M. (2022). Impact of Liquidity Coverage Ratio on Performance of Select Indian Banks. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 15(5), 226. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15050226.

Thakor, A. (2014). Bank Capital and Financial Stability: An Economic Trade-Off or a Faustian Bargain? Annual Review of Financial Economics, 6, 185-223.

Tsai, J.-Y., & Chen, S. (2015). How Does Equity Capital Cost Affect Bank Performance during a Financial Crisis? Applied Economics, 47(42), 4459-4474.


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.15408/etk.v23i1.33879

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2024 Shabeer Khan, Nur Amalia Aziza, Allah Ditta Nawaz

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.