1. Manuscript Format

Manuscripts should be prepared using Times New Roman. The paper size should be set to Letter, with the following margins:

• Top: 3 cm
• Bottom: 2.54 cm
• Left: 2.54 cm
• Right: 2.54 cm

The page layout should use continuous section formatting with top vertical alignment. The header should be set at 1.4 cm and the footer at 2.2 cm.

2. Title and Author Information

The article title must use Times New Roman, 14 pt, bold, with capital letters applied to important words. The title should be concise, specific, and informative.

Author names should be written below the title, followed by numbered affiliations. Each affiliation should include department, institution, city, and country. The corresponding email address must also be provided.

3. Abstract, Abstrak, Keywords, and 2020MSC

The manuscript must contain:

• Abstract in English
• Abstrak in Bahasa Indonesia
• Keywords
• Kata kunci
• 2020 Mathematics Subject Classification (2020MSC)

The abstract should be written in a single paragraph, in formal academic language, and should not exceed 250 words. It should briefly contain the background, objective, method, result, and conclusion. The abstract text should use 10 pt font size, justified alignment, and hanging indent of 1.25 cm.

Keywords should consist of 3–6 words or short phrases, separated by semicolons, and written in Title Case. The keyword line should also use 10 pt font size.

4. Structure of the Manuscript

To ensure consistency in editorial review and publication format, authors must arrange the manuscript in the following order. The sequence below is the standard structure expected by the journal and should be followed carefully.

The sections listed above must appear in that order. The first four sections constitute the main body of the article, while the optional sections, if included, must be placed after the Conclusion and before the References.

4.1 Introduction

The manuscript must begin with an Introduction. This section should explain the background of the study, the academic or practical significance of the problem, the relevant context of the topic, and the main objective of the research. Authors are encouraged to provide sufficient background for readers from related disciplines and to conclude the introduction with the specific aim or research question of the paper.

4.2 Method

The Method section must appear immediately after the Introduction. This section should describe the research design, mathematical approach, data source, procedure, algorithm, model, theorem-development process, or analytical technique used in the study. The description must be sufficiently clear and detailed so that the work can be understood, verified, or replicated where relevant.

4.3 Results and Discussion

The Results and Discussion section must be placed after the Method section. This part should present the main findings of the research and explain their meaning in relation to the research problem, theory, method, or previous studies. Authors may divide this section into subheadings if necessary, but the presentation should remain coherent and not separate results entirely from their interpretation unless clearly justified.

4.4 Conclusion

The Conclusion section must follow the Results and Discussion. It should summarize the main findings and contributions of the study in a concise and direct manner. This section should not merely repeat earlier paragraphs, but rather synthesize the key outcomes of the paper and, where appropriate, indicate implications or future directions.

4.5 Optional Sections

After the Conclusion, authors may include additional sections when relevant. These may consist of Patent, Appendix, Author Contributions, Funding, Acknowledgments, and Conflicts of Interest. These sections are not mandatory in every manuscript, but when they are needed, they must be placed after the Conclusion and before the References.

• Patent: included only if the manuscript results are related to a patent or patentable outcome.
• Appendix: used for supplementary mathematical proof, extended table, derivation, or supporting material that is important but would interrupt the main text.
• Author Contributions: required for multi-author papers to clarify each author’s role.
• Funding: must state the funding source or explicitly mention that the study received no external funding.
• Acknowledgments: may be used to recognize non-author contributions, technical support, or institutional assistance.
• Conflicts of Interest: authors must declare any conflict of interest, or state that none exists.

4.6 References

The manuscript must end with the References section. All sources cited in the text must appear in the reference list, and all entries in the reference list must be cited in the manuscript. References should follow the journal’s required citation style consistently.

5. Section and Subsection Headings

Main section headings must be written in 12 pt, bold, ALL CAPITAL LETTERS and aligned to the left. Subsection headings and sub-subsection headings should also use 12 pt, bold, but with normal capitalization. A period should not be placed after the section number.

6. Tables

Tables must be properly numbered, centered, and cited in the main text as Table 1, Table 2, and so forth. The caption must be placed above the table. Caption font size should be 11 pt, while text inside the table should use 9 pt.

Table captions with one line should be centered; captions with more than one line should be justified. Avoid bold and italic styles inside ordinary table content unless mathematically necessary. Table footnotes may be placed below the table using alphabetical markers.

7. Figures

Figures must be properly numbered, centered, and cited in the main text as Figure 1, Figure 2, and so forth. The caption must be placed below the figure and use 11 pt font size.

Multi-panel figures should be labeled as (a), (b), and so on. All figures must be legible and positioned as close as possible to where they are first discussed in the manuscript.

8. Equations and Mathematical Components

Equations should be placed on separate lines, centered, and numbered consecutively. Equation numbers should appear in parentheses on the right margin.

Authors should punctuate equations as part of the running text and ensure that all mathematical symbols, variables, and operators are defined clearly when first introduced.

9. References

References must follow the IEEE citation style. They should be numbered in the order they appear in the text and cited using square brackets, such as [1], [2], [3], or [4]–[6].

Reference numbers should be placed before punctuation. DOI information should be included whenever available. Authors are strongly encouraged to use reference management software such as EndNote, ReferenceManager, or Zotero to avoid inconsistency and duplication.

10. Submission Checklist