Respons Positif Teologi Kristen Protestan terhadap Sekularisasi Di Dunia Barat Modern
Abstract
This article discusses how Protestant Christian theology responds to the strengthening of the secularization phenomenon. The positive response with various styles of theological reflection illustrates that the Protestant Christian theology figures above, starting from Karl Barth, Rudolf Bultmann, Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Paul Tillich, are the efforts of theologians to try to bridge the gap or gap in cultural rationality between the cultures of the classical era in where the texts of the scriptures were written with modern Western culture today. These theologians include those who give a positive response in dealing with the phenomenon of secularization in the West. However, their response actually has a style that is more or less different in their way of thinking. Although Karl Barth proposed an advanced mode of reflection, he was still bound by his orthodoxy, so that he was nicknamed "neo-orthodox". Rudolf Bultmann was more liberal with his "Demythologized" ideas. Dietrich Bonhoeffer had already begun to advocate a secular Christian interpretation, and Paul Tillich had further advocated a correlational theological approach to religion and culture. Next, Harvey Cox further tries to construct a more comprehensive reflection of Secularization theology, that the secular world is a world in which Christians are mature people. As a sign, Jesus' death on the cross is a symbol, that he has left his absoluteness, his supernatural being, to become a secular "God".
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abineno, Jl. Ch, Dietrich Bonhoeffer: Hidup, Karya dan Perjuangannya, Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 1992.
Apter, David E, Pengantar Analisa Politik, tj. Setiawan Abadi, Jakarta: LP3ES, 1985.
Bakker Sj. J, “Sekulerisasi dalam Pandangan Umat Islam”, Orientasi, Tahun V, Jakarta: Sekolah Tinggi Filsafat Driyarkara, 1973.
Barth, Karl, The Epistle to Romans (Der Romerbrief), Eng. Trans. By Edwyn C. Hoskyns, London: Oxford University Press, cet. II, 1950.
Berger, Peter L, The Social Reality of Religion, Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1973.
Berkes, Niyazi, Development of Secularism in Turkey, Canada: Mc Gill University Press, 1984.
Bury, JB., Sejarah kemerdekaan Berpikir, tj. LM Sitorus, Jakarta: PT Pembangunan, 1963.
Callahan, Daniel, Ed., The Secular City Debate, New York: The Macmillan Company, 1966.
Cox, Harvey, The Secular City: Secularization and Urbanization in Theological Perspective , New York: The Macmillan Company, 1966.
-------. Religion in The Secular City; Toward A Post Modern Theology, New York: A Touchstone Book, 1984.
Gay, Peter dan The Editors of Time-Life Books, Age of Enligahtenment, Nederland: Time-Life International, 1971.
Gidden, Anthony, Kapitalisme dan Teori Sosial Modern, terjemahan Soeheba Kramadibrata, Jakarta: UI-Press, 1986.
Glasner, Peter E., Sociology of Secularization: A Critique of Concept, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul 1977.
Hadiwijono, Harun, Theologia Reformatoris Abad ke 20, Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 1985.
Hole, John R. dan The Editors of Time-Life Books, Renaisance, Nederland: Time-Life International, 1966.
Irianto, Eugenius Dwi Ardhika, “Relasi Agama dan Kebudayaan Paul Tillich”, Skripsi, Sekolah Tinggi Filsafat Katolik Ledalero, 2011.
Ma’arif, Ahmad Syafi’i, “Humanisme Sekuler”, Mohammad Qutb, et- al., Ancaman Sekulerisme, Yogyakarta: Shalahuddin Press, 1986.
Madjid, Nurcholish, ‘Masyarakat Religius dan Dinamika Industrialisasi’, Makalah, Kuliah Umum Mahasiswa ITB Bandung, 8 Oktober 1977.
Mackie, Steven, “European Christians and Secular Debate”, Student World, World Student Christians Federation, Geneva, no. 1., 1963.
Mahon, TF Mc., “Secularism”, New Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. XIII, Mc. Graw Hill Book Company, New York, 1967.
Marquis Who’s Who Inc., Who’s Who In America, Chicago: Marquis Who’s Who Inc., 43-rd Edition, 1984-85, vol i..
Newbegin, Leslie, Honest Religion For Secularman, London: SCM Press Ltd., 1966.
O’dea, Thomas F., Sosiologi Agama: Suatu Pengantar Awal, terjemahan Tim Penerjemah Yasogama, Jakarta: CV Rajawali, cet. I, 1985.
Sastrapratedja, M. ed., Manusia Multi Dimensional: Sebuah Renungan Filsafat, Jakarta: Pusat Pengembangan Etika Atmajaya dan Gramedia, 1982.
Sastrapratedja SJ, M., “Metode Korelasi dalam Teologi Sistematik Paul Tillich”, dalam “Orientasi”, Jakarta: Pustaka Filsafat dan Teologi, 1975.
Simon, Edith dan The Editors of Time-Life Books, Reformation, Nederland: Time-Life International, 1966.
Simon, Edith et all, Renaissance, Nederland: Time-Life International, 1967.
Steenbrink, Karel A., Perkembangan Teologi dalam Dunia Kristen Modern, Yogyakarta: IAIN Sunan Kalijaga Press, 1987.
Tillich, Paul, Syatematic Theology, vol. I, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1956.
Turner, Bryan S., Sosiologi Islam: Suatu Telaah Analisis atas Tesa Sosiologi Weber, terjemahan GA Ticoalu, Jakarta: Rajawali, 1984.
Waterhouse, eric S., “Secularism”, James Hastings, ed., Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, Edinbrugh-New York: T & T-Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1974.
Wilkes, Keith, Agama dan Ilmu Pengetahuan, saduran Staf Yayasan Cipta Loka Caraka, Jakarta: Sinar Harapan, 1982.
Williams, Colin, Iman Kristen dalam Abad Sekuler, Yogyakarta-Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 1975.
Wilkes, Keith, Agama dan Ilmu Pengetahuan, saduran staf yayasan Cipta Loka caraka, Jakarta: Sinar Harapan, 1982.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/ref.v21i2.29035 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
FACULTY OF USHULUDDIN SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY
Office: Faculty of Ushuluddin Building - 2nd Floor R. Jurnal - Jl. Ir. Juanda No. 95 Ciputat Jakarta
Phone/fax: +62-21-7493677/+62-21-7493579 - email: jurnalrefleksi@apps.uinjkt.ac.id
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.