Interpretasi Ulama Kontemporer Terhadap Hadis-Hadis Perempuan Salat Berjamaah di Masjid

Abstract

This study examines how contemporary Muslim scholars ('ulama) interpret hadith concerning women's attendance at congregational prayer in mosques, a theme made significant by two sets of narrations that appear, on the surface, to contradict one another: reports prohibiting men from barring women from mosques, and reports stating that women's prayer at home is more excellent. Using a descriptive-analytical qualitative method, this research traces the authenticity of the chains of transmission and the meaning of the hadith texts in the primary hadith collections, examines the explanations offered by classical commentaries (syurūḥ), and maps contemporary scholarly views into four typologies: fundamentalist, radicalist, modernist, and feminist. The findings show that all the hadith examined are sound (ṣaḥīḥ), so the differences among scholars stem not from the quality of the hadith but from differing methods of interpretation, socio-cultural background, ideological orientation, and the way each group prioritizes the objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-syarī'ah). Fundamentalist and radicalist scholars tend toward a literal-textual reading, while modernist and feminist scholars favor a contextual one. The study concludes that Islam fundamentally provides space for women's participation in mosque life, so that understanding these hadith requires integrating text and context to produce a fair reading relevant to contemporary society.