Emotion and Religious Practices
Abstract
This study aims to identify emotions underlying Muslim religious practices/rituals. The sample used in this study consisted of 310 Indonesian Muslim adults from several large cities in Indonesia, using a purposive sampling technique. Participants completed several psychological measurements regarding (1) types of emotions based on Emmons’ theory and (2) religious rituals and contemplative rituals (MAAS). Data was analysed through descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis. The results of this study show that the forms of emotion related to Muslim religious practices are emotions of gratitude, security and fear. Emotions of gratitude underlie fasting, such as Ramadhan fasting and Sunnah fasting, zakat and infaq. The emotion of feeling secure underlies forms of worship that are obligatory, such as Daily Prayer. Last, the form of prayer related to feeling secure is the type of prayer intended to obtain Allah’s protection when humans are experiencing disaster, namely Istisqo prayer, Istikharah prayer, and Eclipse prayer.
Keywords
References
Al-Ghazali. (1991). Ihya’ Ulum Al-Din. Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr.
Allen, D. (1997). Ascetic theology and psychology. In R. C. Roberts & M. R. Talbot (Eds.), Limning the psyche: Explorations in Christian psychology (pp. 297–316). Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.
Allport, G. W., Gillespie, J. M., & Young, J. (1948). The religion of the post-war college student. Journal of Psychology, 25, 3–33.
Arnold, M. B. (1960). Emotion and personality. New York: Columbia University Press.
Al-Qaradhawi. (2005). Ibadah dalam Islam. Jakarta: Akbar Media Eka Sarana.
Azis. (2016). Pendidikan Karakter: Makna Kebersyukuran (Penjelasan Religio-Psikologis). Paper presented at Seminar Nasional Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta.
Badri, M. (2001). Fiqih Tafakur: Dari perenungan menuju kesadaran. Surakarta: Era Intermedia.
Bulkeley, K. (2002, November). The evolution of wonder: Religious and neuroscientific perspectives. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Religion, Toronto, Canada.
Bullard, P. L., & Park, C. L. (2001). Emotional expressive style as a mediator between religion and health. International Journal of Rehabilitation and Health, 4, 201–214.
Chesterton, G. K. (1936). The autobiography of G. K. Chesterton. New York: Sheed & Wood.
Clary, E. G., & Snyder, M. (1993). Persuasive communications strategies for recruiting volunteers. In D. R. Young, R. M. Hollister, & V. A. Hodgkinson (Eds.), Governing, leading, and managing non-profit organisations (pp. 121–137). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Dadang Hawari. (1997). Alquran: Ilmu kedokteran jiwa dan kesehatan jiwa. Yogyakarta: Dana Bhakti Primayasa.
Djalaluddin. (1987). Sinar Keemasan: Dalam mengamalkan keagungan kalimah Laailaaha Illallah. Surabaya: Terbit Teranag.
Edwards, J. (1959). Religious affections. In J. E. Smith (Ed.), The works of Jonathan Edwards (Vol. 2). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. (Original work published 1746)
Emmons, R. A. (2005). Emotion and Religion. In R. F. Paloutzian & C. L. Park (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality (pp. 235–252). The Guilford Press.
Fadhillah, H. (2016). Pengaruh Membaca Alquran Terhadap Kestabilan Emosi Siswa Kelas XI SMA IT Abu Bakar Yogyakarta. (Unpublished bachelor’s thesis). Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia.
Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56, 218–226.
Goodenough, U. (1998). The sacred depths of nature. New York: Oxford University Press.
Griffith, R. M. (1998). “Joy unspeakable and full of glory”: The vocabulary of pious emotion in the narratives of American Pentecostal women, 1910–1945. In P. N. Stearns & J. Lewis (Eds.), An emotional history of the United States (pp. 218–240). New York: New York University Press.
Hamid, A. (2016). Nilai – nilai pendidikan akhlak yang terkandung dalam ibadah Haji. (Unpublished bachelor’s thesis). Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, Indonesia.
Ash-Syidiqi, H. (1976). Pedoman Shalat. Jakarta: Bulan Bintang.
Hill, P. C., Pargament, K. I., Wood, R. W., Jr., McCullough, M. E., Swyers, J. P., Larson, D. B., & Zinnbauer, B. J. (2000). Conceptualising religion and spirituality: Points of commonality, points of departure. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 30, 51–77.
Hude, M. D. (2006). Emosi: Penjelalajahan Religio Psikologis. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Hutch, R. A. (1978). Jonathan Edwards’ analysis of religious experience. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 6, 123–131.
Kasir, I. (2009). Tafsir al-Qur‟an al-„Adzim. Kairo: Dar al-taufiqiyah li al-turats.
Manzur, I. (1997). Lisan Al-Arab. Cairo: Maktabah Taufiqiyah.
Assuyuti, I. B. (1998). Bimbingan Shalat Lengkap. Jakarta: Mitra Umat.
Ilham, M. A. & Nasution, D. (2003). Hikmah Zikir Berjamaah. Jakarta: Penerbit Republika.
Koentjaraningrat, K. (2015). Pengantar Ilmu Antropologi. Jakarta: Penerbit Rineka Cipta
Mahoney, A., Pargament, K. I., Jewell, T., Swank, A. B., Scott, E., Emery, E., & Rye, M. (1999). Marriage and the spiritual realm: The role of proximal and distal religious constructs in marital functioning. Journal of Family Psychology, 13, 321–338.
Masroom, M. N., Muhamad, S. N., & Panatik, S. A. (2017). Peranan Zakat dalam Merawat Jiwa (Zakah as a Soul Treatment). Umran - International Journal Of Islamic And Civilizational Studies, 4(3-1).
McCauley, R. N. (2001). Ritual, memory, and emotion: Comparing two cognitive hypotheses. In J. Andresen (Ed.), religion in mind: Cognitive perspectives on religious belief, ritual, and experience (pp. 115–140). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Pedak, M. (2009). Mukjizat terapi Al-Quran untuk hidup sukses. Jakarta: Wahyu Media.
Omoto, A. M., Snyder, M., & Berghuis, J. P. (1993). The psychology of volunteerism: A conceptual analysis and a program of action study. In J. B. Pryor & G. D. Reeder (Eds.), The social psychology of HIV infection (pp. 333–356). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Otto, R. (1958). The idea of the holy (J.W. Harvey, Trans.). London: Oxford University Press.
Pargament, K. I. (1999). The psychology of religion and spirituality? Yes and no. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 9, 3–16.
Pruyser, P. W. (1967). A dynamic psychology of religion. New York: Harper & Row.
Purwanto, S. (2003). Buku kenangan: Kumpulan artikel Kongres Asosiasi Psikologi Islami. Tidak Diterbitkan.
Roberts, R. C. (2003). Emotions: An essay in aid of moral psychology. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Rosenberg, E. L. (1998). Levels of analysis and the organisation of affect. Review of General Psychology, 2, 247–270.
Sanlrock, J.W. (1988). Psychology: The science of mind and behaviour. Duhuqnc, IA: Win. C. Brown Publishers
Schleiermacher, F. (1799). On religion: Speeches to its cultured despisers. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Tribner.
El Syakir, S. (2014). Islamic hypno parenting: Mendidik anak masa kini ala Rasulullah. Jakarta: Kawah Pustaka.
Solomon, R. C. (2002). Spirituality for the sceptic: The thoughtful love of life. New York: Oxford University Press.
Supangat, S. (2017) Pelaksanaan shalat kusyu’ ditinjau dari Psikologi Kepribadian. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Al I’Tibar, 3(1), 74-94.
Vishkin, A., Schwartz, S. H., Ben-Nun Bloom, P., Solak, N., & Tamir, M. (2020). Religiosity and desired emotions: Belief maintenance or prosocial facilitation? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 46(7), 1090-1106.
Watts, F. N. (1996). Psychological and religious perspectives on emotion. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 6(2), 71-87.
Wibowo, G., Mukromin, M., & Fuadi, S. (2022, July 6). Nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam ibadah puasa (Kajian Q.S Al-Baqarah Ayat 183). Jurnal Al-Qalam: Jurnal Kependidikan, 23(1), 15-22.
DOI: 10.15408/mimbar.v40i1.35900
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
