AKTIVITAS TERMOPROTEKSI DAN FOTOPROTEKSI EKSTRAK KASAR KAROTENOID MESOKARP KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) TERHADAP KESTABILAN KLOROFIL-A)

Dece Elisabeth Sahertian, Indriatmoko Indriatmoko, Leenawaty Limantara, Tatas Hardo Panintingjati Brotosudarmo

Abstract


Abstrak

Kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) merupakan tanaman yang mengandung karotenoid tinggi pada mesokarp yang merupakan bagian dari buah. Cahaya dan suhu dalam proses fotosintesis memberi pengaruh bagi kestabilan dan ketidakstabilan karotenoid dan klorofil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas fotostabilitas dan termostabilitas ekstrak karotenoid mesokarp terhadap klorofil-a yang diiradiasi dengan lampu volpi (intralux 4100) daylight pada intensitas cahaya 31960 lux, 47040 lux dan 76640 lux dalam seri waktu penyinaran 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 30 menit serta dipanaskan pada suhu 25, 50, 65, dan 90 °C dengan seri waktu pemanasan 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, dan 24 jam. Pengukuran spektrum serapan tiap perlakuan diukur menggunakan Spektrofotometer UV-Tampak pada panjang gelombang 300–800 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karotenoid tidak melakukan fungsi proteksi dengan baik pada perlakuan pemanasan 65 °C dan 90 °C selama 24 jam, serta perlakuan iradiasi hingga 30 menit pada ketiga intensitas cahaya. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah klorofil-a murni lebih stabil pada perlakuan pemanasan dan iradiasi. Kemampuan proteksi karotenoid terhadap kestabilan klorofil-a yaitu pada suhu di bawah 50 °C dan pada intensitas cahaya di bawah 31960 lux.

Abstract

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a plant that contains high carotenoids in its mesocarp which is part of the fruit. Light and temperature in photosynthesis may affect the stability and instability of carotenoid and chlorophyll. The aim of this research was to examine the thermostability and photostability activities of the carotenoids in mesocarp extract on chlorophyll which were irradiated by Volpi lamp (4100 intralux) daylight at light intensity of 31960 lux, 47040 lux and 76640 lux in series of time radiation 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes and heated at 25, 50, 65, and 90°C with series of heating time 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 24 hours. Measurement of the absorption spectrum of each treatment was measured using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer at a wavelength range of 300–800 nm. The results showed the protective function of carotenoids did not perform well at the heating treatments of 65°C and 90°C in 24 hours and at the irradiation for 30 minutes in all the light intensities. In conclusion, pure chlorophyll-a is more stable in heating and irradiation treatments. Carotenoid protection ability against chlorophyll-a is at temperatures below 50 °C and at a light intensity below 31960 lux.


Keywords


Elaeis guineensis; Fotoproteksi; Karotenoid; Klorofil-a; Stabilitas; Termoproteksi; Carotenoids; Chlorophyll-a; Elaeis guineensis; Photoprotection; Stability; Termoptotection

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v12i1.9145 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0

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