VARIASI INFRASPESIES MACANG (Mangifera foetida) BERDASARKAN SEKUEN GEN rbcL
Abstract
Abstrak
Macang (Mangifera foetida) adalah jenis mangga kosmopolit dengan vigoritas yang kuat. Macang banyak ditemukan di perkarangan dan kebun dan bersifat semi liar. Penurunan luas lahan seperti deforestasi dapat mengakibatkan keanekaragaman kultivar macang juga mengalami penurunan secara cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan merekonstruksi hubungan kekerabatan antar kultivar macang menggunakan sekuen gen rbcL. Sampel berasal dari koleksi hasil eksplorasi mangga Sumatera bagian Selatan, yaitu Provinsi Bengkulu, Lampung dan Sumatera Selatan. Ekstraksi DNA dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode CTAB yang dimodifikasi, kemudian DNA diamplifikasi dengan menggunakan primer spesifik rbcL forward dan reverse, dan dilakukan sekuensing serta analisis filogenetik. Rekontruksi pohon filogenetik menggunakan program PAUP* versi 4.0b10 dengan metode Maximum Parsimony (MP) dan Neighbor Joining (NJ). Kladogram dengan MP diperoleh dua klad, yaitu pada klad I terdiri dari kultivar Macang lonjong dan Macang lado, sedangkan klad II terdiri dari kultivar Macang bulat. Berdasarkan metode NJ, diperoleh Macang bulat memiliki jarak genetik lebih panjang sehingga dianggap sebagai individu yang lebih primitif daripada kultivar yang lain. Dengan demikian, dari penelitian ini diperoleh informasi dan bukti dari status taksonomi kultivar macang.
Abstract
Mangifera foetida is a species of cosmopolitan mango with strong vigor. Some M. foetida are found in some front houses and gardens and has a character of semi-wild in its cultivation. Decreases in land area, such as deforestation, can lead to a rapid decline in their diversity of cultivars. This study aimed to analyze and reconstructs the phylogenetic relationship among M. foetida cultivars using the rbcL gene sequences. Samples were collected from the exploration within the area of South Sumatra, such as Provinces of Bengkulu, Lampung and South Sumatra. The DNA extraction was carried out using the modified CTAB method, followed by DNA amplification using rbcL-specific primers, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. The phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using the PAUP* version 4.0b10 by using the method of Maximum Parsimony (MP) and Neighbor Joining (NJ). Cladogram of the MP tree showed two clades that the clad I consisted of M. foetida (Macang lonjong) and M. foetida (Macang lado) cultivars, whereas clad II consisted of M. foetida (Macang bulat) cultivar. The NJ tree showed that M. foetida (Macang bulat) has a longer genetic distance so it is considered as a more primitive cultivar than others. Therefore, information and evidences from the taxonomic status of the M. foetida cultivars were obtained from this study.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v12i1.5516 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0
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