CATATAN TENTANG Solanum diphyllum L. (SOLANACEAE) TERNATURALISASI DI PULAU JAWA
Abstract
Abstrak
Solanum merupakan salah satu marga terbesar pada kelompok tumbuhan Angiospermae. Marga tersebut terdiri dari 1400 jenis yang terdistribusi di kawasan tropis dan subtropis. Banyak anggotanya yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi, sehingga telah dibudidayakan secara luas sebagai tanaman pangan, sayuran, tumbuhan obat, dan tanaman hias. Oleh sebab itu, beberapa di antaranya telah diintroduksi ke Pulau Jawa sejak lama. Sebanyak 24 jenis Solanum telah tercatat dalam buku Flora of Java vol. 2. Meskipun demikian, masih memungkinkan adanya jenis-jenis lain yang belum terekam dalam buku tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai jenis tambahan yang telah ternaturalisasi di Pulau Jawa. Pengamatan dilakukan di beberapa lokasi di Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, dan Jawa Timur pada tahun 2015 hingga 2017. Solanum diphyllum telah dikoleksi dari Bogor (Darmaga), Bandung (Taman Sari dan Pasir Impun), Sumedang (Jatinangor), Wonogiri (Desa Johunut), Semarang (Desa Mesu), Trenggalek (Desa Watulimo), Situbondo (Desa Wringin Anom dan Banyuputih), Bondowoso (Desa Bandilan), dan Sumenep (Desa Pakong). Jenis ini memiliki potensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai tumbuhan obat. Tumbuhan ini ditemukan tumbuh meliar di semua lokasi pengamatan dan keberadaannya perlu diperhatikan karena jenis tersebut merupakan tumbuhan asing invasif di kawasan lain.
Abstract
Solanum is one of the largest genera in Angiospermae. This genus comprises about 1400 species distributed in tropic and subtropic regions. Some of them have high economic value and have been cultivated widely as crops, vegetables, medicinal plants, and ornamental plants. Therefore, several species have been introduced to Java island in the past. A total of 24 species of Solanum has been recorded in Flora of Java vol. 2. However, there is still unrecorded species occurred. The aim of this study was to provide information about an additional naturalized species in Java. The observations have been carried out in several locations in West Java, Central Java, and East Java, from 2015 to 2017. Solanum diphyllum has been collected from Bogor (Darmaga), Bandung (Taman Sari and Pasir Impun), Sumedang (Jatinangor), Wonogiri (Johunut Village), Semarang (Mesu Village), Trenggalek (Watulimo Village), Situbondo (Wringin Anom and Banyuputih Village), Bondowoso (Bandilan Village), and Pamekasan (Pakong Village). This species has a potential to be utilized as a medicinal plant. Moreover, this plant grows wildly in all of the observed locations. Its presence needs to be considered since it is known as an invasive alien species in other regions.Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v11i1.5448
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