Karakter Fenotip Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Roxb. var rubrum Rosc.) Hasil Poliploidisasi dengan Kolkisin

Meiliana Friska, Budi Setiadi Daryono

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Jahe merah (Zingiber officinale Roxb. var. rubrum Rosc.) merupakan salah satu tanaman jamu-jamuan yang banyak digunakan sebagai bumbu masakan, bahan obat tradisional, manisan, minuman penyegar, dan sebagai bahan komoditas ekspor nonmigas. Rimpang pada jahe memiliki manfaat untuk kesehatan kesegaran, dan campuran untuk membuat masakan. Rasa pedas yang ditimbulkan pada jahe disebabkan adanya senyawa keton ‘gingerol’. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan tanaman poliploid pada jahe merah dengan mengamati perubahan karakter fenotip pada daun, batang dan rimpang hasil induksi kolkisin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dengan dua faktor yaitu konsentrasi kolkisin (0,05%, 0,1%, and 0,2%) dan waktu perendaman (6, 12, dan 24 jam). Hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan pengolahan data secara statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji F pada taraf α = 5%. Jika menunjukkan perbedaan nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan karakter fenotip jahe merah hasil induksi kolkisin terlihat pada perlakuan K1W2 (konsentrasi 0,05% lama perendaman 12 jam). Terlihat pada tinggi tanaman, diameter batang semu, jumlah daun, berat rimpang, dan kadar klorofil sedangkan pada panjang daun, lebar daun dan luas daun tidak menunjukkan perbedaan secara signifikan.

 

ABSTRACT

Red ginger (Zingiber officinale Roxb. var. rubrum Rosc.) is one of the herb plants that often being used as a spice, traditional medicines, sweets, drinks, and material export commodities. The ginger’s rhizome is the most common because it is good for health freshness, and spice for food. The spicy from the ginger comes from ketone compounds ‘gingerol’. This research aimed to produce polyplody crops in red ginger by observing the changes of phenotype characters on the leaves, stems and rhizome resulted from colchicine induction. This research was based on experimental method with Randomized design with two factors, which were colchicine concentration (0,05%, 0,1% and 0,2%) and incubation time (6, 12 and 24 hours). The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and statistical data processing was done using F test at α = 5%. If the result shows any significant differences then was followed with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the change in the phenotype characters of red ginger was seen in K1W2 (0,05 % concentration of incubation time 12 hours). Phenotype characters include plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, rhizome weight and leaf chlorophyll content showed phenotypic characters change significantly while leaf length, leaf width and leaf area did not indicate any change in the character of phenotypes significantly.

 


Keywords


Zingiber officinale Roxb. var. rubrum Rosc., kolkisin, poliploidi, Zingiber officinale Roxb. var. rubrum Rosc., colchicine, polyploidy

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v10i2.4813 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0

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