Varanus salvator As an Indicator of Turtle Nesting Season at Ngagelan Beach, Alas Purwo National Park (TNAP), Indonesia: A Conservatiom Effort
Abstract
Abstract
Various turtle conservation efforts continue to be carried out, including protecting the eggs from predators. The study aimed to describe the behavior of turtles laying eggs using Varanus salvator as an indicator. The research was conducted at Ngagelan Beach, Alas Purwo National Park (TNAP), and around the Semi Natural Turtle Hatchery (PPSA), Banyuwangi, Indonesia. The research was conducted from January to December 2019. The type of research is quantitative and qualitative. The study results indicated that Varanus salvator visited this area only during the turtle nesting season. Lepidochelys olivacea dominates the types of turtles that land in TNAP. 1,056 L. Olivacea, 6 Chelonia mydas, Eretmochelys imbricata, and Dermochelys coriacea landed only one animal to lay eggs. Landing occurs from April to August, with peak landing in June. Varanus salvator was found roaming the area starting April, peaking in the second week of August and decreasing in October. Differences in landing time and arrival behavior of Varanus salvator are related to the incubation period of 40–50 days of turtle eggs. The smell of turtle eggs and dead hatchlings beckons V. salvator to this area. This behavior is because Varanus salvator has a strong sense of smell, detected by frequent tongue flicking.
Abstrak
Berbagai upaya konservasi penyu terus dilakukan, salah satunya melindungi telur dari pemangsa. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan perilaku penyu bertelur menggunakan Varanus salvator sebagai indikator serta upaya konservasii. Penelitian dilakukan di Pantai Ngagelan, Taman Nasional Alas Purwo (TNAP), dan di sekitar Penangkaran Penyu Semi Alami (PPSA), Banyuwangi, Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Januari-Desember 2019. Jenis penelitian adalah kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kulitatif dan korelasi. Hasil penelitian menginformasikan bahwa V. salvator mengunjungi daerah ini hanya pada musim penyu bertelur; mereka melakukan perjalanan ke daerah lain ketika bukan musim penyu bertelur. Lepidochelys olivacea mendominasi jenis penyu yang mendarat di TNAP. Sebanyak 1.056 L. Olivacea, 6 Chelonia mydas, Eretmochelys imbricata, dan Dermochelys coriacea masing-masing hanya satu satwa mendarat untuk bertelur. Pendaratan terjadi pada bulan April hingga Agustus, puncak pendaratan pada bulan Juni. V. salvator ditemukan berkeliaran di daerah ini mulai bulan April, memuncak pada minggu kedua Agustus dan menurun bulan Oktober. Perbedaan waktu pendaratan dan perilaku kedatangan V. salvator berkaitan dengan masa inkubasi telur penyu berkisar antara 40–50 hari. Bau telur penyu dan tukik mati mengundang V. salvator ke kawasan ini. Perilaku ini karena V. salvator memiliki indera penciuman yang kuat, terdeteksi oleh lidah yang sering dijentikkan.
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