Aktivitas Antibakteri Kapang Endofit dari Tangkai Daun Tanaman Kayu Jawa (Lannea coromandelica)
Abstract
Abstrak
Kapang endofit telah banyak ditemukan pada berbagai jaringan tanaman. Pemanfaatan kapang endofit dapat menjadi solusi untuk mengurangi eksploitasi tumbuhan yang berpotensi sebagai sumber senyawa bioaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan kapang endofit pada tangkai daun tanaman Kayu Jawa Lannea coromandelica dan potensinya sebagai agen antibakteri. Isolasi dilakukan dari tangkai tanaman Kayu Jawa dan isolat yang berhasil diperoleh dikarakterisasi secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Uji penapisan pada semua isolat dengan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa untuk mendapatkan isolat yang berpotensi sebagai agen antibakteri. Ekstraksi isolat terpilih dilakukan dengan pelarut metanol (MeOH) dan pelarut etil asetat (EtOAc). Pengujian antibakteri menggunakan tiga bakteri uji, yaitu Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, dan Salmonella typhi. Hasil penelitian terdapat enam isolat yang berada di jaringan tangkai daun tanaman Kayu Jawa, yaitu PLC.1.A, PLC.1.B, PLC.2, PLC.3, PLC.4, dan PLC.5. Hasil uji penapisan menunjukkan isolat PLC.4 yang menjadi kandidat antibakteri pada penelitian ini. Fraksi MeOH memiliki aktivitas antibakteri lebih tinggi dibanding fraksi EtOAc pada semua bakteri uji dan kontrol positif (kloramfenikol) pada bakteri P. aeruginosa. Ekstrak MeOH isolat PLC.4 memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang berpotensi sebagai sumber antibiotik baru.
Abstract
Endophytic fungi have been found in various plant tissues. The utilization of endophytic fungi can be a solution to reduce the exploitation of plants that are potential sources of bioactive compounds. This study aims to determine the presence of endophytic fungi on the petiole tissue of Kayu Jawa plants (Lannea coromandelica) and their potential as an antibacterial agent. Isolation and characterization of isolates was conducted macro- and microscopically. Screening test is carried out on the isolates against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria to obtain isolate that has the potential as an antibacterial agent. The extraction of selected isolates was carried out using methanol (MeOH) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) solvents. Antibacterial examination used three test bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi. The results showed that six isolates were found in the petiole tissue of L. coromandelica, namely, PLC.1.A, PLC.1.B, PLC.2, PLC.3, PLC.4, and PLC.5. Screening result showed that PLC.4 isolate was a candidate for antibacterial agent in this study. The MeOH fraction had higher antibacterial activity than the EtOAc fraction in all tested bacteria and from positive control (chloramphenicol) on P. aeruginosa bacteria. In conclusion, the MeOH extract of PLC.4 isolate has antibacterial activity potential as a source of new antibiotics.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v15i1.17973 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0
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