Skrining Antibakteri dan Identifikasi Molekular Bakteri Asam Laktat dari Fermentasi Buah Kakao Merah (Theobroma cacao L. Varietas Criollo) Terhadap Bakteri Shigella dysenteriae
Abstract
Abstrak
Kakao merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan Indonesia yang berperan sebagai habitat tumbuh dan berkembangnya mikroorganisme yang baik. Salah satu bakteri yang dapat tumbuh dikomoditas tersebut yakni Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) yang berguna untuk kesehatan pencernaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat BAL yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tinggi terhadap Shigella dysenteriae dari fermentasi buah kakao merah (Theobroma cacao L. varietas criollo). Skrining antibakteri terhadap S. dysenteriae dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram dan BAL yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi selanjutnya dilakukan identifikasi molekular dengan teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Sepasang primer 27F dan 1492R digunakan untuk amplifikasi gen 16S rRNA BAL dan dilanjutkan dengan sekuensing. Identifikasi hasil sekuensing dilakukan dengan penyejajaran data pada program BLAST. Hasil Penelitian menemukan isolat KAT372 merupakan isolat yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi dari 6 isolat yang ditemukan pada fermentasi buah kakao merah. Isolat ini memiliki kemiripan 99% terhadap Lactobacillus fabifermentans strain DSM 21115. Isolat BAL dari fermentasi buah kakao merah dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber antibakteri alami terhadap S. dysenteriae.
Abstract
Cacao is one of Indonesia's plantation commodities and is a natural resource that has an important role as a habitat for the growth and development of various good microorganisms. One of them is Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), which is good bacteria for digestive health. This study aims to obtain LAB isolates that have high antibacterial activity against Shigella dysenteriae from fermented red cacao fruit (Theobroma cacao L. criollo variety). Antibacterial screening against Shigella dysenteriae was carried out using the disc diffusion method and LAB which had the highest antibacterial activity followed by molecular identification with the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. A pair of 27F and 1492R primers were used for amplification of the 16S rRNA BAL gene and continued with sequencing. The identification of sequencing results was carried out by aligning the data in the BLAST program. The results found that KAT372 isolate was the isolate that had the highest antibacterial activity of the 6 isolates found in the fermentation of red cacao fruit. This isolate has 99% similarity to Lactobacillus fabifermentans strain DSM 21115. LAB isolate from fermented red cacao fruit can be used as a source of natural antibacterial against S. dysenteriae in maintaining digestive health later.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Alexandria,M., Schieber, P., & Ayres, J. S. (2016). Thermoregulation as a disease tolerance defense strategy. Pathogens and Disease, 74(9). doi: 10.1093/femspd/ftw106.
Arifin, Z., Delfi, M., & Priyambodo, W. J. (2018). Medicinal plants classification of Minangkabau and Mentawai (studies of structuralism Levi-Strauss). Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Mamangan, 7(2), 89-102. doi: 10.22202/mamangan.v7i2.2686.g1484.
Aronoff, D. M., & Neilson, E.G. (2001) Antipyretics: Mechanisms of action and clinical use in fever suppression. American Journal of Medicine, 111(4),304-315. doi: 10.1016/S0002-9343(01)00834-8.
Azzikri., Wardana, S. T., & Harmida. (2020). Etnobotani tumbuhan obat Solanaceae pada masyarakat suku Kerinci di wilayah Lempur Kabupaten Kerinci Provinsi Jambi. Jurnal Sriwijaya Bioscientia, 1(2), 10–13. doi: 10.24233/sribios.1.2.2020.199.
Barua, A., Alam, M. S., Junaid, M. D., Akter, Y., Afrose, S. Sharmin, T., … Hosen, S. M. Z. (2020). Phytochemistry, traditional uses and pharmacological properties of Enhydra fluctuans lour: A Comprehensive Review. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 22(8), 1061-1068. doi: 10.2174/1389201021666200922161529.
Bekalo, T. H., Woodmatas, S. D., & Woldemariam, Z. A. (2009). An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by local people in the lowlands of Konta Special Woreda, southern nations, nationalities and peoples regional state, Ethiopia. Journal Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine 5(26), 1-15 doi: 10.1186/1746-4269-5-26.
Brondízio, E. S., Aumeeruddy-Thomas, Y., Bates, P., Carino, J., Fernández-Llamazares, A., Ferrari, M. F., … Shrestha, U. B. (2021). Locally based, regionally manifested and globally relevant: Indigenous and local knowledge, values, and practices for nature. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 46, 481-509. doi: 10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-012127.
Emmanuel, M. (2012). Traditional knowledge on medicinal plants use by ethnic communities in Douala, Cameroon. European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2(2),159-176. doi: 10.9734/ejmp/2012/878.
FitzGerald, J. D., Dalbeth, N., Mikuls, T., Brignardello-Petersen, R., Guyatt, G., Abeles, A. M., … Neogi, T. (2020). American college of rheumatology guideline for the management of gout. Arthritis and Rheumatology, 72(6), 879-895. doi: 10.1002/art.41247.
Gunathilake, K. D. P. P., Ranaweera, K. K. D. S., Rupasinghe, H. P. V. (2018). In vitro anti-inflammatory properties of selected green leafy vegetables. Biomedicines, 6(4), 107. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines6040107.
Hariyadi, B., & Ticktin, T. (2012). Uras: Medicinal and ritual plants of Serampas, Jambi Indonesia. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 10, 133-149.
Hoffman, B., & Gallaher, T. (2007). Importance indices in ethnobotany. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 5, 201-218.
Howay, M., Sinaga, N. I., & Kesaulija, E. M. (2003). Utilization of plants a as traditional medicines by Maybrat Tribe in Sorong. Beccariana, 5(1), 24-34.
Ioku, K., Aoyama, Y., Tokuno, A., Terao, J., Nakatani, N., & Takei, Y. (2001). Various cooking methods and the flavonoid content in onion. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 47(1),78-83. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.47.78.
Jahan, I., & Onay, A. (2020). Potentials of plant-based substance to inhabit and probable cure for the COVID-19. Turkish Journal of Biology, 44(3), 228-241. doi: 10.3906/biy-2005-114.
Kasrina, K., Zukmadini, A. Y., Laily, F. A. B., & Rahmi, S. (2021). Medicinal plants diversity in traditional treatment of Rejang Ethnic Communities in Rejang Lebong Regency as a resource for learning plant taxonomy. Proceedings of the International Conference on Educational Sciences and Teacher Profession, 532(532), 275-282. doi: 10.2991/assehr.k.210227.048.
Loganayaki, N., Siddhuraju, P., & Manian, S. (2013). Antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging capacity of phenolic extracts from Helicteres isora L. and Ceiba pentandra L. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 50(4), 687-695. doi: 10.1007/s13197-011-0389-x.
Meliki., Linda, R., & Lovadi, I. (2013). Etnobotani tumbuhan obat oleh Suku Dayak Iban Desa Tanjung Sari, Kecamatan Ketungau Tengah, Kabupaten Sintang. Jurnal Probiont: Journal of Biological Sciences, 2(3), 129-135.
Montagne, M. (1997). Ethnobotany: Principles and applications. In C. M. Cotton, J. Wiley, & Sons (Eds.), (pp. ix + 424 pp). Baffins Lane, Chichester, West Sussex, England.
Nasution, A., Chikmawati, T., Walujo, E. B., & Zuhud, E. A. M. (2018). Ethnoecology of Mandailing Tribe in Batang Gadis National Park. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 197(1). doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/197/1/012017.
Ogoina, D. (2011). Fever, fever patterns and diseases called “fever” - A review. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 4(3), 108-124. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2011.05.002.
Pawar, V., & Pawar, P. (2014). Costus speciosus: An important medicinal plant. International Journal of Science and Research, 3(7), 28-33.
Phumthum, M., & Sadgrove, N. J. (2020). High value plant species used for the treatment of fever by the Karen Hill tribe people. Antibiotics (Basel), 9(5), 220. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9050220.
Purba, E., Nisyawati., & Silalahi, M. (2016). The ethnomedicine of the Batak Karo people of Merdeka sub-district, North Sumatra, Indonesia. International Journal of Biological Research, 4(2), 181. doi: 10.14419/ijbr.v4i2.6493.
Rice-Evans, C., Miller, N., & Paganga, G. (1997). Antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds. Trends in Plant Science, 2(4), 152-159. doi: 10.1016/S1360-1385(97)01018-2.
Roth, I., & Lindorf, H. (2002). Introduction to South American medicinal plants. In South American Medicinal Plants (pp. 1-69). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.
Setyowati, F, M., & Wardah. (2007). Keanekaragaman tumbuhan obat masyarakat Talang Mamak di sekitar Taman Nasional Bukit Tigapuluh. Biodiversitas, 8(3), 228-232. doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d080313.
Silalahi, M., Nisyawati, N., Walujo, E., & Mustaqim, W. (2018). Ethnomedicine of medicinal plants by Batak Phakpak Subethnic in The Surung Mersada Village, Phakpak Bharat District, North Sumatera. Jurnal Ilmu Dasar, 19(2), 77-92. doi: 10.19184/jid.v19i2.7017.
Silalahi, M., Khairiah, A., & Nisyawati. (2020). Ethnomedicinal plants and practices related to pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum healthcare of Minangkabau ethnic group, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 21(10), 4597-4605. doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d211018.
Simbolon, H. (1994). Ethnobotany of people around the Dolok Sibual-Buali nature reserve area, North Sumatra, Indonesia. TropCSI, 4(1), 69-78. doi: 10.3759/tropCSI.4.69.
Susiarti, S., Purwanto, Y., & Walujo, E. B. (2008). Medicinal plant diversity in the Tesso Nilo National Park, Riau, Sumatra, Indonesia. Reinwardtia, 12(5), 383-390. doi: 10.14203/reinwardtia.v12i5.86.
Susanti, T., Kholid M., Diandara O., Wiji., & Marzuki A. (2020). Tumbuhan khas di Kawasan Candi Muaro Jambi dalam kajian etnobotani dan potensi ekonomi. Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi, 13(2), 192-208. doi: 10.15408/kauniyah.v13i1.13348.
Turner, N. J. (1988). The importance of a rose: Evaluating the cultural significance of plants in thompson and lillooet interior salish. Journal of American Anthropologist, 90(2), 272-290. doi: 10.1525/aa.1988.90. 2.02a00020.
Pitopang, R., & Ramawangsa, P. A. (2016). Potensi penelitian etnobotani di Sulawesi Tengah Indonesia. Natural Science: Journal of Science and Technology, 5(2) 111-131.
Walter, E. J., Hanna-Jumma, S., Carraretto, M., & Forni, L. (2016). The pathophysiological basis and consequences of fever. Critical Care, 20(1), 1-10. doi: 10.1186/s13054-016-1375-5.
Wulandari., Fitmawati., & Nery, S. (2014). Eksplorasi pengetahuan tumbuhan obat Etnis Sakai di Desa Petani, Duri-Riau. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fmipa, 1(11), 1-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v16i1.17817 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a CC-BY- SA.
Indexed By:
   