Kemampuan Bakteri Endofit Pelarut Fosfat dari Tumbuhan Akar Kuning (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) Asal Pulau Enggano, Provinsi Bengkulu
Abstract
Abstrak
Fosfor merupakan salah satu unsur makro nutrien yang dibutuhkan untuk perkembangan tumbuhan dan dapat dihasilkan oleh bakteri pelarut fosfat. Namun, keberadaan fosfat dalam tumbuhan tidak dapat digunakan oleh tumbuhan itu sendiri, sehingga dibutuhkan bantuan bakteri endofit yang berperan sebagai agen pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman yang dapat melarutkan fosfat pada tumbuhan, khususnya tumbuhan akar kuning (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) yang tumbuh liar di Pulau Enggano, Provinsi Bengkulu. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memperoleh bakteri endofit yang dapat melarutkan fosfat. Isolasi dilakukan dengan metode sterilisasi permukaan, menggunakan alkohol 70% dan natrium hipoklorit 5,25% lalu ditempelkan di media NA. Isolat yang diperoleh kemudian diuji kemampuan melarutkan fosfat dengan digoreskan ke media Pikovskaya, lalu diukur zona bening. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 18 isolat bakteri endofit, 8 di antaranya dapat melarutkan fosfat. Isolat AKE15 dan AKE18 memiliki kemampuan lebih tinggi untuk melarutkan fosfat dengan indeks pelarut fosfat (IP) ± 1,59 dan ± 1,01. Identifikasi berdasarkan pewarnaan Gram dan uji biokimia dari 8 isolat bakteri endofit pelarut fosfat (BPF) memiliki kedekatan dengan 4 genus, yaitu Bacillus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, dan Morococcus.
Abstrak
Phosphorus is one of the macronutrients required for plant development and produced by phosphate solubilizing bacteria. However, plants are unable to utilize phosphate themselves, thus they need the help of endophytic bacteria that play role as plant growth-promoting with ability to solubilize phosphates in plants, particularly in yellow root plants (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) that grow wildly in Enggano Island, Bengkulu Province. The research aimed to obtain endophytic bacteria that can solubilize phosphate. Isolation of endophytic bacteria was carried out by surface sterilization method using 70% alcohol and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite to be further placed on Nutrient Agar (NA) media. The isolates obtained were further tested for their ability to solubilize phosphate by streaking the isolate on Pikovskaya media and measuring the clear zones formed. The results showed that 8 out of 18 endophytic bacterial isolates were able to solubilize phosphate. Endophytic isolates of AKE15 and AKE18 were found to have higher ability to solubilize phosphate with a phosphate solubilizing index (IP) of about ± 1.59 and ± 1.01, respectively. Identification based on Gram staining and biochemical tests indicated that 8 endophytic bacterial solubilizing isolates were closely related to 4 genera, namely Bacillus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, and Morococcus.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v15i2.17632 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0
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