Prediksi Potensi Koleksi Kebun Raya Purwodadi Sebagai Anti-Coronavirus: Sebuah Kajian Literatur
Abstract
Abstrak
SARS-CoV-2 dikenal sebagai agen penyebab COVID-19. Penyakit ini pertama kali muncul di Cina yang dalam beberapa bulan telah menyebar secara masif ke 198 negara lain termasuk Indonesia, dan menyebabkan pandemik global. Sekalipun vaksin telah ditemukan namun laju mutasi virus yang sangat cepat menjadikannya kurang efektif. Beberapa dekade terakhir, para ilmuwan telah mengidentifikasi senyawa-senyawa tumbuhan yang mempunyai potensi sebagai aktivitas anti-coronavirus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji senyawa aktif yang dapat menghambat aktivitas coronavirus dan menentukan koleksi tumbuhan Kebun Raya Purwodadi yang mengandung senyawa tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan melalui review dan kompilasi berbagai literatur terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KR Purwodadi memiliki 49 jenis, 38 marga, dan 24 suku koleksi tumbuhan yang diprediksi mengandung 12 jenis senyawa anti-coronavirus, yaitu amentoflavone, beta-sitosterol, betulinic acid, curcumin, emodin, epigallocatechin gallate, eucalyptol, hinokinin, kaempferol, luteolin, myricetin, dan quercetin. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tumbuhan memiliki potensi dalam menyediakan bahan obat alami terhadap penyakit di dunia, sehingga kelestariannya perlu untuk terus dijaga. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan penelitian selanjutnya dalam mencari tumbuhan yang paling berpotensi sebagai anti-coronavirus.
Abstract
SARS-COV-2 is known as the causing agent of COVID-19. It first appeared in China and in just a few months it spread massively to 198 other countries including Indonesia and caused a global pandemic. Even though the vaccine has been found, the rapid mutation rate of the virus makes it less effective. In the last few decades, scientists have identified the plant compounds as having potential as anti-coronavirus. The purpose of this study was to examine active compounds having the activity of coronavirus inhibition and to determine the living collections of Purwodadi Botanic Garden containing those compounds. The study was conducted through a review and compilation of various related literature. The results showed that Purwodadi BG had 49 species, 38 genera, and 24 families of living collections predicted to contain 12 types of anti-coronavirus compounds, namely amentoflavone, beta-sitosterol, betulinic acid, curcumin, emodin, epigallocatechin gallate, eucalyptol, hinokinin, kaempferol, luteolin, myricetin, and quercetin. It shows that plants are potential to provide natural medicinal ingredients against diseases in the world so their sustainability needs to be maintained. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for further research in finding most potential plants as anti-coronavirus.
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