Keragaman Fenotipik Bunga Telang Double Petal Asal Indonesia dan Thailand Berdasarkan Morfologi Bunga
Abstract
Abstrak
Bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) merupakan tanaman legum yang bagian bunganya telah banyak dimanfaatkan. Double petal adalah salah satu varian spesies bunga telang yang banyak ditemukan di Asia Tenggara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman fenotipik plasma nutfah bunga telang double petal asal Indonesia (Bali, Jawa Barat, dan Jawa Timur) dan Thailand berdasarkan morfologi bunga. Percobaan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan. Data morfologi dianalisis menggunakan analisis multivariat berupa Analisis Komponen Utama (Principal Component Analysis) dan Analisis Klaster (Cluster Analysis) dengan bantuan program NTSYS 2.1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat lima komponen utama yang berpengaruh terhadap keragaman aksesi dengan persentase keragaman kumulatif 88,82%. Karakter tipe bunga, susunan mahkota bunga, keberadaan lunas, tipe benang sari, dan posisi kepala putik memberi pengaruh terbesar terhadap keragaman aksesi. Analisis klaster membagi aksesi-aksesi tersebut menjadi dua klaster dengan koefisien ketidakmiripan 3,01–6,83. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bunga telang double petal asal Indonesia dan Thailand memiliki keragaman yang luas dan kekerabatan yang jauh; aksesi asal Bali memiliki morfologi bunga dan klaster yang berbeda dengan aksesi asal Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, dan Thailand. Informasi ini akan bermanfaat dalam merencanakan pengelolaan plasma nutfah dan pemuliaan bunga telang double petal.
Abstract
Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) is a legumeplant of which flower parts are widely used. One of butterfly pea variant is double petal which commonly found in Southern Asia. This study aimed to evaluate phenotypic diversity of double petal butterfly pea germplasm from Indonesia (Bali, West Java, and East Java) and Thailand based on flower morphology. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Morphology data were subjected to multivariate analysis using Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis and performed by NTSYS 2.1. The result showed that there were five significant principal components that cumulatively explained 88.82% of variance. Existence of keel, aestivation type, position of stigma, type of stamen, and flower type gave high contributions to the diversity of accessions. Cluster analysis grouped the accessions into two clusters with dissimilarity coefficient from 3.01–6.83. From the results, it can be concluded that double petal butterfly pea from Indonesia and Thailand have wide diversity and genetic relationship; the accessions from Bali have different flower morphology and cluster compared to the accessions from East Java, West Java, and Thailand. The information will help planning management of the germplasm and breeding double petal butterfly pea.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v14i1.15558 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0
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