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Indonesian Version of WHO-5 Well-being Index Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic Settings: Scale Validation and Standardisation

Rena Latifa, Kay Chang, Andrian Liem, Natris Idriyani, Adiyo Roebianto, Muthia Rahmah, Valendra Granitha Shandika Puri

Abstract


The 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) is a frequently used brief standard measure in large-scale clinical studies. However, no research specifically on the validity test of WHO-5 was found in Indonesia before the pandemic. This study aims to test the validity of the Indonesian version of the 5-item WHO-5 in the COVID-19 pandemic setting. The online survey was used to collect data from February-2021 to September 2021. 1,084 Indonesians who were directly or indirectly affected by COVID-19 completed the survey. The scale was validated with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Item Response Theory (IRT). The CFA and IRT analysis showed that the WHO-5 is valid. Thus, the WHO-5 is a short questionnaire that consists of five non-invasive questions adequate to measure the psychological well-being of the Indonesian sample, especially during the COVID-19 Pandemic, and could be used in other pandemics or crises.

Keywords


WHO-5; well-being scale; COVID-19 Pandemic; scale validation; Indonesian version

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DOI: 10.15408/jp3i.v12i2.33964

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Copyright (c) 2023 Rena Latifa, Kay Chang, Andrian Liem, Natris Idriyani, Ilmi Amalia, Adiyo Roebianto, Valendra Granitha Shandika Puri

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