Uji Validitas Konstruk  pada Alat Ukur Integritas dengan Metode Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Masitah Masitah

Uji Validitas Konstruk pada Alat Ukur Integritas dengan Metode Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Masitah Masitah

Abstract

Integritas merupakan kekuatan karakter yang mempengaruhi kesehatan mental, kesejahteraan psikologis dan keefektifan hubungan interpersonal. Integritas sangat dibutuhkan dalam dunia pekerjaan terutama dalam hal promosi. Namun, alat ukur integritas lebih banyak dikembangkan di luar negeri sehingga kurang sesuai dengan konteks masyarakat Indonesia. Selain itu, umumnya alat ukur integritas dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan klasik yang memiliki beberapa kelemahan. Penelitian ini menguji validitas konstruk dari teori integritas Carl Rogers. Peneliti mengembangkan alat ukur integritas menggunakan pendekatan polytomous Item Response Theory dengan melibatkan 1210 pekerja Indonesia. Hasil uji coba menunjukkan alat ukur terbukti valid dan memenuhi asumsi unidimensionalitas. Berdasarkan pengujian 26 item, terdapat satu item yang tidak fit, sehingga item tersebut dikeluarkan. Hasil pengujian kembali terhadap 25 item menunjukkan bahwa model fit dan seluruh item fit mengukur integritas. Analisis menggunakan differential item functioning menunjukkan 1 item memiliki bias respon jenis kelamin. Dengan demikian, item yang dipertahankan dalam alat ukur integritas ini berjumlah 24 item

Keywords

Integritas, Rating Scale Model, Polytomous Item Response Theory

References

Adams, R.J., & Khoo, S. (1993). Quest: The interactive test analysis system. Australia: The A u s t r a l i a n C o u n c i l f o r Educational Research.

Barrett, P. (2001). Pre-employment integrity testing: Current methods, problems and solutions.Paper presented at: British Computer Society: Information Security Specialist Group March 29th-30th, 2001, Milton Hill,Oxford.

Barry, C.M., Sackett, P.S., & Wiemann, S. (2007). A review of recent developments in integrity t e s t r e s e a r c h . P e r s o n n e l Psychology, 60, 271-301.

Blasi, A. (2004). Moral functioning: M o r a l u n d e r s t a n d i n g a n d personality. In D.K. Lapsey & D. Narvaez, Moral development, self and identity (pp. 335-348). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Carter, S. (1996). Integrity. New York: Basic Books, A Division Of Harper Collins Publishers.

Deci, E.L., & Ryan, R.M. (2000). The ”what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 4, 227-268.

Egberink, I.J.L., & Veldkamp, B.P. (2007). The development of a computerized adaptive test for integrity. In D.J. Weiss (Ed.), Proceedings of the 2007 GMAC Conference on Computerized Adaptive Testing. Retrieved February, 14th 2012 from www.psych.umn.edu/psylabs/C ATCentral/

Embretson, S.E. & Reise, S.P. (2000). Item response theory for psychologists. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Assosiates,Publishers.

Erhard, W., Jensen, M.C. and Zaffron, S. (2011). “Integridad: Un Modelo Positivo Que Incorpora Fenomenos Normativos de Moral, Etica y Legalidad Abreviado (Integrity: A Positive Model that Incorporates the Normative Phenomena of Morality, Ethics, and Legality - Abridged) (March 18, 2011)”. Harvard Business School NOM Unit Working Paper No. 10-061; Barbados Group Working Paper No . 10 - 01; Simon School Working Paper No. 10-07. A v a i l a b l e a t S S R N : http://ssrn.com/abstract=175628 5.

Hambleton, R.K., Swaminathan H., & Rogers H.J. (1991). MMSS fundamentals of item response theory (volume 2). California: Sage Publications.

Harris, W.G. (1987). A components analysis of a pre-employment integrity measure: A replicated study. Psychological Reports, 60, 1051-1055.

Hunter, R. (In preparation). Criterion-related validity of integrity tests in

South Africa.

Impelman, K. (2006). Predicting counter-productive workplace behavior: Item level analysis of an integrity test. Ann Arbor: P r o q u e s t I n f o r m a t i o n a n d

Learning Company.

Iwao, S . (1997) . Consistency orientation and models of social behavior: Is it not time for West to m e e t E a s t ? J a p a n e s e Psychological Research, 39, 323-332.

Joreskog, K.G., & D. Sorbom. (1996). LISREL 8: User's reference guide. Chicago : Scientific Software

International, Inc.

Khalil, E. (2004). Integrity, shame and self-rationalization. Vassar C o l l e g e D e p a r t m e n t o f Economics Working Paper Series 55. Vassar College Department of Economics.

Marchus, B., & Schuler, H. (2004). A n t e c e d e n t s o f counter productive behavior at work : A general perspective. Journal Of Applied Psychology, Vol. 89, No.4, 647-660.

Markus, H.R., Kitayama, S., & Heiman, R. (1996). Culture and basic psychological principles. In E . T. Higgins & A . W. Kruglanski (Eds . ), Social Psychology: Handbook of basic principles (pp. 857-913). New

York: Guilford Press.

M a r t e l l i , T. A .( 1 9 8 8 , A u g . ). Preemployment screening for honesty: The construct validity, criterion related validity and test retest reliability of a written integrity test. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Ohio University.

Miller, M.L., & Schlenker, B.R. (2011). Integrity and identity: Triangulating private and public perceptions of moral identity. E u r o p e a n J o u r n a l o f Personality, 25, 2-15.

Mount, M., Ilies, R., & Johnson, E. ( 2 0 0 6 ) . R e l a t i o n s h i p o f p e r s o n a l i t y t r a i t s a n d c o u n t e r p r o d u c t i v e w o r k behaviors: The mediating effects of job satisfaction. Personnel Psychology, 59, 591-622.

Mumford, M.D., Zaccaro, S.J., Harding, F.D., Jacobs, T.O., & F l e i s h m a n , E . A . ( 2 0 0 0 ) . Leadership skills for a changing world: Solving complex social problems. Leadership Quarterly, 11, 11-35.

Ones, D.S. (1993). Establishing construct validity for integrity tests. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.

Ones, D.S., & Viswesvaran, C. (2001). Integrity tests and other criterion-focused occupational personality scales (COPS) used in personnel selection. International Journal Of Selection And Assessment, 9, 31-38.

Ones, D.S., Viswesvaran, C., & Schmidt, F. (1995). Integrity tests: Overlooked facts, resoved

issues and remaining questions. American Psychologist, 50, 456-4567.

Ones, D.S., Viswesvaran, C., & Schmidt, F. (2003). Personality and absenteeism: A meta-analysis of integrity tests. European Journal Of Personality, 17, S19-S38.

Palanski, M.E., & Yammarino, F.J.(2007). Integrity and leadership: C l e a r i n g t h e c o n c e p t u a l c o n f u s i o n . E u r o p e a n Management Journal 25(3), 171-184.

Papalia, D.E., Olds, W.S., & Feldman.(2004). Human development (9th ed). New York: McGraw Hill.

Permatasari, M. (2011). Pengaruh gaya berpikir, integritas dan usia d a l a m p e r i l a k u k e r j a kontraproduktif. Tesis. Tidak Diterbitkan. Depok: Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Indonesia.

Peterson, C., & Selignman, M.E. (2004). Integrity. In Character s t re n g t h s a n d v i r t u e s : A handbook and classification (pp. 249-271). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Petrick, J.A., & Quinn, J.F. (2000). The integrity capacity construct and moral progress in business. Journal Of Business Ethics, 34 (3-4), 331-343.

Rogers, C.R. (1961). On becoming a person: A therapist's view of p s y c h o t h e r a p y . B o s t o n : Houghton Mifflin.

Sackett, P.R., Burris, L.R., & Callahan, C. (1989). Integrity testing for personnel selection: A n u p d a t e . P e r s o n n e l Psychology, 42, 491-529.

Schlenker, B.R., Miller, M.L., & Johnson, R.M. (2009). Moral identity, integrity and personal responsibility. In D. Narvaez & D.K. Lapsey, Personality, identity and character (pp. 316-340). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Suh, E.M. (2001). Culture, identity consistency and subjective well-being. Unpublish Manuscript, University of California - Riverside.

Umar, Jahja. (2011). Bahan kuliah psikometri. Tidak diterbitkan.

U S C o n g r e s s i o n a l O ff i c e o f Technology Assessment. (1990). The use of integrity tests for pre-employment screening, OTA-SET-442. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.

Wanek, J.E., Sackett, P.R., & Ones,D . S . ( 2 0 0 3 ) . To w a r d s a n understanding of integrity test similarities and difference: An item-level analysis of seven tests. Personnel Psychology, 56, 873-894.

Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.15408/jp3i.v1i3.10701