Radikalisasi Makna Jihad di Era Modern: Studi Kasus Penafsiran QS. Al-Taubah: 73 Menurut Sayyid Qutb dan Abu A’la al-Maududi

Abstract

This paper discusses the meaning of jihad in QS. At-Taubah: 73 according to
two modern interpreters: Sayyid Qutub and Abul A'la Mawdudi. Their interpretation is
very important because their thinking is an important reference in the current discourse
of Jihad. With the descriptive-analytic method, the writing answers how the two Muslim
thinkers interpreted the term jihad in the verse which supports the spirit of their
respective da'wah movements in Egypt and Pakistan. This paper finds that the second
author in interpreting the term jihad by the objective circumstances of their respective
life contexts, Sayyid Qutb was influenced by the fact that some Muslims dealt with
rulers who were considered dholim, and Egypt as a country is in a war conflict with
Israel, as well as the resistance of some Muslim scholars including himself who are
critical of the West. Meanwhile, Abul A'la Mawdudi was faced with the filling of the
newly established Pakistani state, where he and his colleagues was founded political
parties that were in the spirit of Islam. More than that, his romanticist attitude towards
the early period of the Muslim community was used as a manhaj in understanding the
messages of the Qur'an.