Faith, Law, and Resilience: Crisis Management Strategies among Indonesian Muslimahpreneurs in the Post-Pandemic Era
Abstract
This study examines how Indonesian Muslim women entrepreneurs (Muslimahpreneurs) managed crises in the post-pandemic era through faith, legal frameworks, and resilience. Using a phenomenological approach, in-depth interviews with ten women-led MSMEs in South Tangerang reveal challenges, including limited access to Sharia-compliant financial services, shifting consumer behavior, reduced purchasing power, supply chain disruptions, technological limitations, and the dual role burden of managing households and businesses. Despite this, Muslimahpreneurs applied adaptive strategies grounded in family, ethics, and community. Their spiritual values, such as tawakkul, ṣabr, and maṣlaḥah, shaped their decisions and enhanced business resilience. This study also reveals a gap between regulatory provisions and practical accessibility.
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini mengkaji strategi manajemen krisis yang dijalankan oleh pelaku usaha Muslimah (Muslimahpreneur) di Indonesia di fase pemulihan pascapandemi, dengan menitikberatkan pada dimensi hukum, spiritual, dan gender. Dengan pendekatan fenomenologis, wawancara mendalam dengan sepuluh Muslimahpreneur di Tangerang Selatan mengungkap berbagai tantangan yang dihadapi, seperti keterbatasan akses layanan keuangan syariah, pergeseran perilaku konsumen, penurunan daya beli, gangguan rantai pasok, keterbatasan teknologi, serta beban ganda dalam rumah tangga dan usaha. Meski demikian, mereka menerapkan strategi adaptif yang berakar pada nilai kekeluargaan, etika, dan solidaritas komunitas. Nilai spiritual seperti tawakkul, ṣabr, dan maṣlaḥah membentuk cara pengambilan keputusan dan menguatkan ketahanan bisnis mereka. Studi ini juga mengungkap adanya kesenjangan antara ketentuan regulasi dan aksesibilitas praktis di lapangan.
Keywords
References
Adikaram, A.S. and Razik, R. (2023), "Femininity penalty: challenges and barriers faced by STEM woman entrepreneurs in an emerging economy", Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, Vol. 15 No. 5, pp. 1113-1138. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-07-2021-0278
Affandi, Y., Ridhwan, M. M., Trinugroho, I., & Hermawan, D. (2024). Digital Adoption, Business Performance, And Financial Literacy In Ultra-Micro, Micro, and Small Enterprises In Indonesia. SSRN. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4719935
Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Al-Qahtani, M., Zguir, M. F., Al-Fagih, L., & Koç, M. (2022). Women Entrepreneurship for Sustainability: Investigations on Status, Challenges, Drivers, and Potentials in Qatar.
Sustainability, 14(7), 4091 https://doi.org/10.3390/su14074091
Rio Alfrian, G., & Pitaloka, E. (2020). Strategi Usaha Mikro, Kecil, Dan Menengah (Umkm) Bertahan Pada Kondisi Pandemik Covid 19 Di Indonesia. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Terapan Riset Inovatif (SENTRINOV), 6(2), 139-146.
Retrieved from https://proceeding.isas.or.id/index.php/sentrinov/article/view/434
Alhothali, Ghada Talat; Al-Dajani, H. (2022). Emotions and Resilience in Saudi Women’s Digital Entrepreneurship during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability, 14(14), 8794.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148794
Ali, I., Ahmad, S., & and Cattaneo, A. (2023). Risk and resilience in agri-food supply chain SMEs in the pandemic era: a cross-country study. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 26(11), 1602–1620. https://doi.org/10.1080/13675567.2022.2102159
Amrita, K., Garg, C. P., Raghuvanshi, J., & Singh, S. (2024). An Integrated Model to Prioritize the Strategies for Women Entrepreneurship Development to Overcome Its Barriers: Case of Indian MSMEs. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 71, 3964–3978.
https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2022.3217356
Andraty, R., & Huda, N. (2015). The Influences of Productive Zakah Mentoring to the Saving Behavior and The Properity of Poor Housewife. Al-Iqtishad, VII(2), 207–216.
https://doi.org/10.15408/aiq.v7i2.1698
Angeles, I. T. (2024). Resilience, self-efficacy, openness to change, and innovativeness of MSME owners: A quantitative-qualitative integration before, during, and after the COVID-19 crisis. South East Asian Journal of Management, 18(1), Article 1.
https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/seam/vol18/iss1/1/
Anggadwita, G., Permatasari, A., Alamanda, D. T., & Profityo, W. B. (2023). Exploring women’s initiatives for family business resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Family Business Management, 13(3), 714–736. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFBM-02-2022-0014
Anggraeni, L., Puspitasari, H., Ayubbi, S. El, & Wiliasih, R. (2013). Akses UMKM terhadap Pembiayaan Mikro Syariah dan Dampaknya terhadap Perkembangan Usaha: Kasus BMT Tadbiirul Ummah, Kabupaten Bogor. Jurnal Al-Muzara’ah, 1(1), 55–67. https://doi.org/10.29244/jam.1.1.56-67
Arend, R. J. (2023). Integrating entrepreneurial and spiritual identities under uncertainty. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 20, e00405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2023.e00405
Aristanto, E., Hidayatullah, S., Windhyastiti, I., Khouroh, U., & Rachmawati, I. K. (2022). Obstacles of Micro and Small Business Access to Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) Program. Management and Business Review, 6(1), 50–58. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21067/mbr.v6i1.6719
Azyabi, N. G. (2021). How do information technology and knowledge management affect SMEs’ responsiveness to the coronavirus crisis? Business Informatics, 15(2).
https://doi.org/10.17323/2587-814X.2021.2.75.90
Bartik, A. W. (2020). How are small businesses adjusting to COVID-19? Early evidence from a survey. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w26989
Bharadwaj, A., El Sawy, O. A., Pavlou, P. A., & Venkatraman, N. (2013). Digital business strategy: Toward a next generation of insights. MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems, 37(2). https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2013/37:2.3
Brailey, Carla; Slatton, B. C. (2019). Women, Work, and Inequality in the U.S.: Revising the Second Shift. Journal of Sociology and Social Work, 7(1), 32–45.
https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.15640/jssw.v7n1a4
Budiawati, Y., & Natawidjaja, R. S. (2020). Situasi dan Gambaran Ketahanan Pangan di Provinsi Banten Berdasarkan Peta Fsva dan Indikator Ketahanan Pangan. Jurnal Agribisnis Terpadu,13(2), 187. https://doi.org/10.33512/jat.v13i2.9866
Bürgel, T., Hiebl, M., & Pielsticker, D. (2022). Digitalization and entrepreneurial firms’ resilience to pandemic crises: Evidence from COVID-19 and the German Mittelstand. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 186, 122135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.122135
Chaidir, M., Yulianti, G., Santoso, S., Kumandang, C., Kasih, S., Bangsa, Jeruk, K., & Barat, J. (2023). Financial Management Proficiency For MSMEs. Proceeding of The International Conference on Business and Economics. https://doi.org/10.56444/icbeuntagsmg.v1i2.1460
Chaudhary, M., Sodani, P. R., & Das, S. (2020). Effect of COVID-19 on Economy in India: Some Reflections for Policy and Programme. Journal of Health Management, 22(2), 169–180. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972063420935541
ChoudhuryKaul, S., Supriyadi, O., & Fahlevi, N. (2023). Muslim Indonesian women entrepreneurs: a factor analysis of business performance. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14(12), 3186–3207. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-01-2022-0036
Chris-Valentine Ogar, E., Joseph Okuta, A., Eyo Okon, E., & Joseph Odama, A. (2021). Assessment of the Socioeconomic Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Small and Medium Scale Business Enterprises: Nigerian Youths in Perspective. Journal of World Economic Research, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jwer.20211001.13
Christa, U., & Kristinae, V. (2021). The effect of product innovation on business performance during COVID-19 pandemic. Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 9(1), 219–226. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.uscm.2020.10.006
Christopher, M., & Peck, H. (2004). Building the Resilient Supply Chain. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 15(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1108/09574090410700275
Cowling, M., Brown, R., & Rocha, A. (2020). Did you save some cash for a rainy COVID-19 day? The crisis and SMEs. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship, 38(7), 593–604. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242620945102
Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. SAGE Publications Inc. https://collegepublishing.sagepub.com/products/designing-and-conducting-mixed-methods-research-3-241842
Dalimunthe, R., Syahreza, D. S., Siregar, H., Ramadani, R., Siregar, M. B., & Putra, R. (2024). Building Competitive Advantage with Human Resource Transformation in Women’s Small Entrepreneurs. TEM Journal, 13(2), 452–459. https://doi.org/10.18421/tem132-73
Daud, I., Nurjannah, D., Mohyi, A., Ambarwati, T., Cahyono, Y., Haryoko, A. D. E., Handoko, A. L., Putra, R. S., Wijoyo, H., Ari-Yanto, A., & Jihadi, M. (2022). The Effect of Digital Marketing, Digital Finance and Digital Payment on Finance Performance of Indonesian SMES. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 6(1), 37–44.
https://doi.org/10.5267/J.IJDNS.2021.10.006
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance Of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
Dermawan, O., Cardona, A. S., Diana, E., & Wahidah, S. R. (2024). Digital Strategy for MSMEs: Marketing Optimization of Woven Bags. Communautaire: Journal of Community Service. https://doi.org/10.61987/communautaire.v3i1.385
Dewi, N. G., Ridhasyah, R. ., & Wibawa, T. A. (2023). Financial Access and MSMEs Performance during Pandemic COVID-19: The Moderating Role of Digitization. JDE (Journal of Developing Economies), 8(1), 144–152.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20473/jde.v8i1.36843
Dhewanto, W., Azzahra, S., Yunita, F., Rizqi, V., & Suwondo, S. (2021). Women Entrepreneurs in FNB Sector Faces Covid-19 Pandemic. Proceedings of the European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship 2021. https://doi.org/10.34190/eie.21.188
Dwyanti, D. (2024). The Importance of Financial Literacy in Financial Management in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Journal of Applied Management and Business. https://doi.org/10.37802/jamb.v5i1.661
Eagly, A. H. (1987). Sex differences in social behavior: A social-role interpretation. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203781906
Ekayanthi, D., Lubis, D. P., & Sarwoprasodjo, S. (2025). Communication strategies to strengthen the resilience of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 8(5).
https://malque.pub/ojs/index.php/mr/article/view/5025/2993
Ekayanthi, Lubis, D. P., & Sarwoprasodjo, S., D. (2025). Communication strategies to strengthen the resilience of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 8(5).
https://malque.pub/ojs/index.php/mr/article/view/5025/2993
Elhan-Kayalar, Y., Sawada, Y., & Van Der Meulen Rodgers, Y. (2022). Gender, entrepreneurship, and coping with the COVID‐19 pandemic: The case of GoFood merchants in Indonesia. Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies, 9, 222–245. https://doi.org/10.1002/app5.362
Emir, O., Gergin, Z., Üney-Yüksektepe, F., Dündar, U., Gençyılmaz, G. M., & Çavdarlı, A. I. (2021). A Comparative Sectoral Analysis of Industry 4.0 Readiness Levels of Turkish SMEs. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62784-3_21
Febrianty, Y., Awaludin, D. T., Safar, M., Kraugusteeliana, K., & Suseno, S. (2024). Digital skills improvement for MSMEs in rural areas for online marketing. Unram Journal of Community Service, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.29303/ujcs.v5i3.692
Feria Hernández, M. D., Suysuy Chambergo, E. J., Valdiviezo Sir, V. M., Flores Castillo, M. M., López Cuadra, Y. M., Contreras Portocarrero, J. del P., Gómez Zúñiga, C. P. L., & Ramos Farroñán, E. V. (2024). Resilience as a key factor in the success of women-led entrepreneurship: A systematic literature review. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 14(3), 182. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2024-0065
Fitriasari, F. (2020). How do small and medium enterprise (SME) survive the COVID-19 outbreak? Jurnal Inovasi Ekonomi, 5(2), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.22219/jiko.v5i3.11838
Gao, J., Siddik, A. B., Abbas, S. K., Hamayun, M., Masukujjaman, M., & Alam, S. (2023). Impact of e-commerce and digital marketing adoption on the financial and sustainability performance of MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic: An empirical study. Sustainability, 15(2), 1594. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021594
Gedik, H., & Afşar, -. (2017). The Impact of Economic Crisis on Consumer Behavior in Konya.
https://consensus.app/papers/the-impact-of-economic-crisis-on-consumer-behavior-in-konya-gedik-afşar/6ade07f5680c5305b18d8e23955c6b8e/
Ghodsi, M., Pourmadadkar, M., Ardestani, A., Ghadamgahi, S., & Yang, H. (2022). Understanding the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Online Shopping and Travel Behaviour: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach. Sustainability, 14(20).
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su142013474
Godrich, S., Macau, F., Kent, K., Lo, J., & Devine, A. (2022). Food supply impacts and solutions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic: A regional Australian case study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19, 4116. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074116
Goel, S., & Mittal, D. S. (2023). Women entrepreneurship in MSME sector. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology, 11(5), 1121–1127. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.55536
Gómez, J., Krammer, S. M. S., Pérez-Aradros, B., & Salazar, I. (2024). Resilience to the pandemic: The role of female management, multi-unit structure, and business model innovation. Journal of Business Research, 172, 114428.
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114428
Gray, J. G. A. (1982). The Neuropsychology of Anxiety: An Enquiry into The Functions of The Septo-Hippocampal System. Oxford University Press.
Gusniarti; Rasyid, A. (2022). edukasi Perempuan dalam Berkebun untuk Meningkatkan Ketahanan Ekonomi pada Masa Covid-19. J-AbdiJurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 2(4). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.53625/jabdi.v2i3.2998
Gyanwali, M. (2020). SME Growth in a Recession: What Does a Growing Business Tell? Open Journal of Business and Management, 08(01). https://doi.org/10.4236/ojbm.2020.81013
Hanaysha, J., Al-Shaikh, M. E., Joghee, S., & Alzoubi, H. (2021). Impact of Innovation Capabilities on Business Sustainability in Small and Medium Enterprises. FIIB Business Review, 11, 67–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/23197145211042232
Haneberg, D. H. (2021). How combinations of network participation, firm age and firm size explain SMEs’ responses to COVID-19. Small Enterprise Research, 28(3).
https://doi.org/10.1080/13215906.2021.1989626
Hanifan, R., & Dhewanto, W. (2022). Reinforcing business resilience through entrepreneurial competencies during pandemic COVID-19: A case of Indonesian MSMEs. International Journal of Management, Entrepreneurship, Social Science and Humanities, 5(2), 89–107. file:///Users/trisiladi/Documents/Publikasi/Conference Malaysia /Hanifan- reinforing....pdf
Harahap, D., Alfadri, F., & Damayanti, A. (2020). Small and Medium Enterprises Business Strategy in Pandemic COVID-19. Jurnal Iqtisaduna, 1(1).
https://doi.org/10.24252/iqtisaduna.v1i1.16057
Hartmann, S., Julia, B., Alexander, N., Kyle M., B., & and Pidduck, R. J. (2022). Psychological resilience of entrepreneurs: A review and agenda for future research. Journal of Small Business Management, 60(5), 1041–1079. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2021.2024216
Hernández, M. D. F., Chambergo, E. J. S., Sir, V. M. V., Castillo, M. M. F., Cuadra, Y. M. L., del Pilar Contreras Portocarrero, J., Zúñiga, C. P. L. G., & Farroñán, E. V. R. (2024). Resilience as a key factor in the success of women-led entrepreneurship: A systematic literature review. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 14(3), 182–194. https://doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2024-0065
Hewa-Wellalage, N., Boubaker, S., Hunjra, A. I., & Verhoeven, P. (2022). The gender gap in access to finance: Evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic. Finance Research Letters, 46, 102329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2021.102329
Hidayah, N. (2023). Gender, economy, and the law: Women entrepreneurs in Indonesian and Islamic legal perspectives. Samarah, 7(2), 1121–1143. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i2.17944
Hochschild, A. R., & Machung, A. (2012). The second shift: Working families and the revolution at home (Rev. ed.). Penguin Books. https://archive.org/details/secondshiftworki0000hoch
Hochschild, A. R., & Machung, A. (1989). The second shift: Working parents and the revolution at home. Viking. https://adams.marmot.org/Record/.b10662650
Hwang, J. Y. (2024). Entrepreneurial resilience in the face of crisis: A study of how entrepreneurs navigate economic uncertainty. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.24.2.3576
International Trade Centre. (2020). SME competitiveness outlook 2020: COVID-19: The great lockdown and its impact on small business. https://www.intracen.org/SME-Outlook/
Jafari Sadeghi, V., & Biancone, P. P. (2018). How micro, small and medium-sized enterprises are driven outward the superior international trade performance? A multidimensional study on Italian food sector. Research in International Business and Finance, 45, 597–606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2017.07.136
Juergensen, J., Guimón, J., & Narula, R. (2020). European SMEs amidst the COVID-19 crisis: Assessing impact and policy responses. Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, 47(3), 499–510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40812-020-00169-4
Kang, J., Diao, Z., & Zanini, M. T. (2020). Business-to-business marketing responses to COVID-19 crisis: A business process perspective. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 39(3), 454–468. https://doi.org/10.1108/MIP-05-2020-0217
Karami, M., Karimi, Y. M., Akbari, M., & Gnoth, J. (2024). Rural women entrepreneurship: When femininity compensates for institutional hurdles. Asian Business & Management, 23(5), 738–766. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41291-024-00283-4
Kendra, C. (2024). What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs? Verywell Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-maslows-hierarchy-of-needs-4136760
Khandelwal, R., & Priya, A. (2024). Digital transformation to spur women empowerment in MSMEs: A case study approach. ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts. https://doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v5.i1.2024.1605
Kim, E. E. K., Seo, K., & Choi, Y. (2021). Compensatory travel post COVID-19: Cognitive and emotional effects of risk perception. Journal of Travel Research, 61(8), 1895–1909. https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875211048930
Kolade, O., Egbetokun, A., Rae, D., & Hussain, J. (2020). Chapter 18 Entrepreneurial resilience in turbulent environments: The role of spiritual capital. In Entrepreneurship and the sustainable development goals (pp. 297–314). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788973717.00028
Kotler, P. (2020). Marketing 5.0: Technology for humanity. Wiley.
Krasniqi, B. A., Kryeziu, L., Baǧis, M., Kurutkan, M. N., & Idrizi, S. (2021). COVID-19 and SMEs in Kosovo: Assessing effect and policy preferences. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 26(2), 2150005. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1084946721500059
Kuckertz, A., Brändle, L., Gaudig, A., Hinderer, S., Morales Reyes, C. A., Prochotta, A., Steinbrink, K. M., & Berger, E. S. C. (2020). Startups in times of crisis – A rapid response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 13, e00169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2020.e00169
Kumar Saroha, S., Wang, Y. M., & Xuan Tung, N. (2024). Investigation of future business opportunities for India and China after COVID-19. Environment, Development and Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-04689-0
Kurniawan, -, Agung, M., & Iskandar, Y. (2023). The effect of technology adaptation and government financial support on sustainable performance of MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cogent Business & Management, 10(1), 2177400. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2177400
Kurniawati, E., Idris, I., Handayati, P., & Osman, S. (2021). Digital transformation of MSMEs in Indonesia during the pandemic. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 9(2), 301–316. https://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2021.9.2(21)
Kusmiyati, L., & Priyono, A. (2021). The strategy for combining online and offline business model for MSMEs. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 10(4), 214–222. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i4.1231
Kuvshinov, M. (2024). Formation of sustainability of enterprise development at diversification of innovative productions. Bulletin of the South Ural State University Series “Economics and Management”. https://doi.org/10.14529/em240109
Laorden, N. L., Sarmiento, J. M. P., Romo, G. D. A., Acuña, T. R., & Acopiado, I. M. A. (2022). Impact of supply chain disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic to micro, small and medium enterprises in Davao Region, Philippines. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 16(3), 568–586. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-05-2021-0216
Latif, I., Heriyanto, H., Mardiana, M., & Dewi, C. K. (2023). Analysis of financial management in economic empowerment of MSMEs: A case in a tourism village. Journal of Nonformal Education, 9(1), 97–104. https://doi.org/10.15294/jne.v9i1.42717
Liguori, E. W., & Pittz, T. G. (2020). Strategy for small business: Surviving and thriving in the era of COVID-19. Journal of the International Council for Small Business, 1(2), 106–110. https://doi.org/10.1080/26437015.2020.1779538
Lubis, N. W. (2022). Resource-based view (RBV) in improving company strategic capacity. Research Horizon, 2(6), 587–596. https://doi.org/10.54518/rh.2.6.2022.587-596
Margaça, C., Sánchez-García, J. C., Cardella, G. M., & Hernández-Sánchez, B. R. (2022). The role of spiritual mindset and gender in small business entrepreneurial success. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1082578. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1082578
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346
Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs, I. (2020). Laporan Kinerja Kementrian Koperasi dan UKM tahun 2020.
Mishra, R., & Singh, R. K. (2023). A systematic literature review on supply chain resilience in SMEs: learnings from COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 40(5), 1172–1202. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQRM-03-2022-0108
Mucollari, H. (2024). Empowering Women Entrepreneurs: Challenges, Strategies, and Impact. Academic Journal of Business, Administration, Law and Social Sciences, 10(3), 103–109. https://doi.org/10.2478/ajbals-2024-0025
Mulyatini, N., Herlina, E., & Iskandar, Y. (2023). Hybrid Process ; Defense Strategies For Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises In The Pandemic. International Journal of Engineering Business and Social Science. https://doi.org/10.58451/ijebss.v1i04.56
Nassif, V. M. J., & Garçon, M. M. (2024). The integrative approach in the study of resilience in female entrepreneurship. European Journal of Training and Development, 48(1/2), 162–178. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-04-2022-0040
Novela, I., Sri, H., Sawitri, R., Riani, A. L., Istiqomah, S., Suprapti, A. R., & Harson, M. (2024). Digital Literacy On Sme Business Performance And The Mediating Role Of Entrepreneurial Skills. Urnal Aplikasi Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 10(3), 847–857. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.17358/jabm.10.3.847
Odoch, H. J. P., Namono, R., & Wofuma, G. (2024). Enhancing financial resilience of women-owned SMEs in the aftermath of COVID-19 pandemic: the antecedent role of social capital. Vilakshan - XIMB Journal of Management, ahead-of-p(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/XJM-01-2024-0007
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (2020). Coronavirus (COVID-19): SME policy responses. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/04440101-en
OECD (2020), “Women at the core of the fight against COVID-19 crisis”, OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19), OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/553a8269-en.
OECD (2021), OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Outlook 2021, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/97a5bbfe-en.
Olazo, D. B. (2023). Marketing competency, marketing innovation and sustainable competitive advantage of small and medium enterprises (SMEs): a mixed-method analysis. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 35(4), 890–907. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-01-2022-0050
Pacho, F. (2023). Digital technology Adoption by Women Entrepreneurs amid COVID-19 Pandemic. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 29(2), 1–15.
https://www.abacademies.org/articles/digital-technology-adoption-by-women-entrepreneurs-amid-covid19-pandemic-15733.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Pargament, K. I. (1997). The Psychology of Religion and Coping: Theory, Research, Practice. Guilford Press.
Pass, J. C. (2023). Hierarchy of human needs: A theory of human motivation by Abraham Maslow (1943). SimplyPutPsych. https://simplyputpsych.co.uk/psych-101-1/hierarchy-of-human-needs-a-theory-of-human-motivation-abraham-maslow-1943#google_vignette
Pathak, M. D., Kar, B., Panigrahi, R. R., & Shrivastava, A. K. (2024). Role of entrepreneurial resilience in SMEs to promote marketing and entrepreneurship amid Covid19 challenges. Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, 26(1), 44–62. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRME-04-2022-0050
Patra, B. C., & Lenka, U. (2024). Female entrepreneurial support requirements: post pandemic ecosystems in India. Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, 26(4), 588–611. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRME-02-2022-0015
Payne, A., & Frow, P. (2005). A strategic framework for customer relationship management. Journal of Marketing, 69(4), 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.2005.69.4.167
Pérez-Nordtvedt, L., & Fallatah, M. I. (2022). Social innovation in Saudi Arabia: The role of entrepreneurs’ spirituality, ego resilience and alertness. Journal of Small Business Management, 60(5), 1080–1121. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2022.2041199
Prior, D. D., Buttle, F., & Maklan, S. (2024). Customer relationship management: Concepts, applications and technologies. Routledge. https://www.vitalsource.com/products/customer-relationship-management-daniel-d-prior-francis-v9781000965834
Purnomo, B. R., Adiguna, R., Widodo, W., Suyatna, H., & Nusantoro, B. P. (2021). Entrepreneurial resilience during the Covid-19 pandemic: Navigating survival, continuity and growth. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 13(4), 497–524. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-07-2020-0270
Putri, M. K., & Annisa, D. (2023). Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on women entrepreneurs in Sukoharjo Regency. F1000Research. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.125104.1
Rafiki, A., & Nasution, F. N. (2019). Business success factors of Muslim women entrepreneurs in Indonesia. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 13(5), 584–604. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-04-2019-0034
Rahayu, N. S., Masduki, & Ellyanawati, E. R. N. (2023). Women entrepreneurs’ struggles during the COVID-19 pandemic and their use of social media. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12, 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-023-00322-y
Rakshit, D., & Paul, A. (2020). Impact of Covid-19 on sectors of Indian economy and business survival strategies. International Journal of Engineering and Management Research, 10(3), 2394–6962. https://doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.10.3.8
Rakshit, S., Islam, N., Mondal, S., & Paul, T. (2021). Mobile apps for SME business sustainability during COVID-19 and onwards. Journal of Business Research, 135, 28–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.06.005
Rani, U., & Dhir, R. K. (2020). Platform work and the COVID-19 pandemic. The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, 63(1), 163–171. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-020-00273-y
Ratnaningrum, S., Mardiyanti, U., Pratiwi, D. A., & Marliyati, S. (2023). Type passion, family life, government support: Explaining the success of MSME women entrepreneurs. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Studies, 3(1), 18–33. https://doi.org/10.31098/ijeass.v3i1.1263
Rezaei, M., Ahmadi, A., & Kazemi, A. (2023). Entrepreneurial resilience of small and medium-sized businesses among rural women in Iran. The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 29(1), 75–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/1389224X.2021.1985539
Ridha, M. H., Ashari, H., & Damhuri, T. (2024). The impact of KUR disbursement on MSME’s credit growth. Jurnal Borneo Administrator, 20(4), 289–302. https://doi.org/10.24258/jba.v20i3.1475
Sahi, G. K., Modi, P., & Mantok, S. (2023). New product innovations in times of crisis: How did women entrepreneurs survive the COVID-19 crisis? Industrial Marketing Management, 111, 19–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2023.03.004
Salsabila, A., Adiza, T. N., Irdianti, A. J., & Saraswati, D. (2024). Strategy to increase the competitiveness of MSME businesses in the era of digitalization for rural communities in the Medan region of North Sumatra. Jurnal Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Dan Masyarakat. https://doi.org/10.47134/jpem.v1i3.409
Santhosh, A., Unnikrishnan, D., Shibu, S., M, A., Meenakshi, K., & S, B. (2024). Strategic entrepreneurship in the tech era: Innovation, growth and risk management. International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management (IRJAEM). https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2024.0522
Schiffman, L. G., & Kanuk, L. L. (2010). Consumer behavior (10th ed.). Pearson Education. https://www.textbooks.com/Consumer-Behavior-10th-Edition/9780135053010/Leon-Schiffman-and-Leslie-Kanuk.php
Setiawan, B., Phan, T. D., Medina, J., Wieriks, M., Nathan, R. J., & Fekete-Farkas, M. (2024). Quest for financial inclusion via digital financial services (Fintech) during COVID-19 pandemic: Case study of women in Indonesia. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 29(2), 459–473. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-023-00217-9
Shafi, M., Liu, J., & Ren, W. (2020). Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises operating in Pakistan. Journal of Public Affairs, 20(4), e2438. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7390797/
Sörensson, A., & Ghannad, N. (2024). Entrepreneurial opportunities and difficulties under COVID-19 for women entrepreneurs in Asia and Europe. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 16(1), 119–133. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-02-2023-0052
Sultan, S., & Sultan, W. I. M. (2020). Women MSMEs in times of crisis: challenges and opportunities. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 27(7), 1069–1083. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-06-2020-0226
Supramono, Theresia, W. D., & Dhian Adhitya. (2025). Dynamic capabilities and financial behavior to accelerate MSME performance recovery and its impacts on business sustainability. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(10). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-024-00456-7
Tambunan, T. (2019). Recent evidence of the development of micro, small and medium enterprises in Indonesia. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-018-0140-4
Tanoto, S. R., & Tahalele, N. P. L. P. (2024). Assessing The Influence of Information Technology on Female Entrepreneur Empowerment in Indonesia: The Role of Social and Psychological Capitals. Indonesian Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship. https://doi.org/10.17358/ijbe.10.3.581
Tatik, T., & Setiawan, D. (2025). Does social media marketing important for MSMEs performance in Indonesia? Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 37(1), 99–114. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-01-2024-0090
Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating Dynamic Capabilities: the Nature and Microfoundations of (Sustainable) Enterprise Performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28(13), 1319–1350. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.640
Tiwari, D., & Shastri, S. (2023). Women entrepreneurs during COVID-19 pandemic: does their social capital matter? Continuity & Resilience Review, 5(1), 36–52. https://doi.org/10.1108/CRR-07-2022-0012
Ummiroh, I. R., Schwab, A., & Dhewanto, W. (2022). Women social entrepreneurs in a Muslim society: how to manage patriarchy and spouses. Social Enterprise Journal, 18(4), 660–690. https://doi.org/10.1108/SEJ-11-2021-0092
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). (2020). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on MSMEs in Indonesia. https://www.undp.org/sites/g/files/zskgke326/files/migration/id/INS-Report-Impact-of-COVID-19-Pandemic-on-MSMEs-in-Indonesia.pdf
Utomo, M. N., Ariska, I., Pratiwi, S. R., & Kaujan, K. (2021). Strategies for Maintaining SMEs Performance During Covid-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Social Science and Business, 5(1), 34–43.
Retrieved from https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/IJSSB/article/view/30613
Weber, M. (2001). The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203995808
Wharton, C. S. (1994). Finding time for the “second shift”: The impact of flexible work schedules on women’s double day. Gender & Society, 8(2), 189–205.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333423974_Women_Work_and_Inequality_in_the_US_Revising_the_Second_Shift
Windle, G. (2011). What is resilience? A review and concept analysis. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology, 21(2), 152–169. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1017/S0959259810000420
Womack, J. P., & Jones, D. T. (2003). Lean Thinking: Banish Waste and Create Wealth in Your Corporation (2nd ed.). Simon & Schuster. https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Lean-Thinking/Daniel-T-Jones/9780743249270
World Bank. (2021). Small and Medium Enterprises in the Pandemic: Impact, Responses and the Role of Development Finance.
https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/729451600968236270/pdf/Small-and-Medium-Enterprises-in-the-Pandemic-Impact-Responses-and-the-Role-of-Development-Finance.pdf
World Bank. (2023, February 23). Financial inclusion overview.
https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/financialinclusion/overview
Zakari, M. A., & Sulaiman, M. (2015). Efficiency and effectiveness of waqf institutions in Malaysia: Toward financial sustainability. In Access to Finance and Human Development — Essays on Zakah, Awqaf and Microfinance: Developing Inclusive and Sustainable Economic and Financial Systems (Vol. 1, pp. 43-53). Bloomsbury. https://www.wijdantariq.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Islamic-Finance-Book_Volume_1.pdf
DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v17i1.46240
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
