Strategies for Strengthening Halal Industries towards Integrated Islamic Economic System in Indonesia: Analytical Network Process Approach
Abstract
The halal economy has become a crucial issue in the context of the development of the global Sharia economy. The halal economy is a holistic concept and integral to Sharia values. One of the problems facing the halal economy is the absence of an integrated system between the halal industries and Islamic finance in Indonesia. This research aims to investigate the problems contributing to the divergence of the halal industries from Islamic finance in Indonesia and find solutions in the form of strategic priorities. Data obtained through in-depth interviews and focused discussions with ten experts. It reveals that the main problems are regulation, human resources, institutional building, services and information technology (IT), sharia issues and public awareness. By using the analytical network process (ANP) approach, it finds that the rater agreement value of W = 0.5514, meaning that 55.14% of respondents agree the problems are, based on the order of priority, regulations (17.4%), services and IT (17.0%), institutional building (16.6%), human resources (16.4%), Sharia Issues (16.4%) and public awareness (16.3%). As for alternative priority strategies, the rater agreement shows the value of W = 0.5754, meaning that 57.54% of respondents agree the three main alternative strategies for building the integrated halal industries in Indonesia, namely, strengthening regulations and policies (13.8%), building halal lifestyle (13.3 %) and strengthening human resource capacity (12.7%). It concludes that the regulatory and policy aspects rank first and foremost priority for the development of an integrated Sharia economic system. All stakeholders need to strengthen regulatory and policy aspects so that they are responsive for the development of the halal industries in Indonesia to be able to compete at the national and global levels.
Ekonomi halal telah menjadi isu yang sangat krusial dalam konteks perkembangan ekonomi Syariah global. Ekonomi halal merupakan sebuah konsep yang holistik dan integral dengan nilai-nilai Syariah. Problem terbesarnya adalah belum adanya suatu sistem terintegrasi antara industri halal dengan lembaga keuangan Syariah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan investigasi terhadap permasalahan yang menyebabkan munculnya divergensi industri halal dari keuangan syariah di Indonesia, memetakan permasalahan sehingga dapat diurutkan berdasarkan skala prioritas, serta menemukan solusi berupa alternatif strategis prioritas. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dan diskusi terfokus (FGD) dengan sejumlah ahli terdiri dari regulator, ulama, akademisi, dan pelaku bisnis syariah berdasarkan kriteria utama yaitu: regulasi, sumber daya manusia, institutional building, layanan dan teknologi informasi (IT), isu syariah dan public awareness. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan analytical network prosess (ANP), ditemukan aspek kriteria di atas, hasil rater agreement menunjukkan nilai W=0.5514, yang berarti 55.14% responden sepakat berdasarkan urutan prioritasnya adalah regulasi (17.4%), layanan dan IT (17.0%), institutional building (16.6%), sumber daya manusia (16.4%) dan Isu syariah (16.4%) serta Public awareness (16.3%). Dari setiap kriteria tersebut selanjutnya dapat diidentifikasi urutan sub kriteria masing-masing. Adapun untuk alternatif strategi prioritas, hasil rater agreement menunjukkan nilai W=0.5754, yang berarti 57.54% responden sepakat berdasarkan urutan prioritasnya, tiga alternatif strategi utama untuk membangun industri halal di Indonesia adalah penguatan regulasi dan kebijakan (13.8%), buiding halal lifestyle (13.3%) dan penguatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia (12.7%). Kesimpulan akhir penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek regulasi dan kebijakan menduduki urutan prioritas pertama dan terpenting untuk pembanguan sistem ekonomi syarah yang terintegrasi. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah perlunya adanya perhatian yang serius dari para stakeholder untuk penguatan aspek regulasi dan kebijakan agar responsif terhadap kebutuhan pengembangan industri halal di Inonesia agar mampu bersaing di tingkat nasional maupun global.
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DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v12i1.16225
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