The Relationship among Spiritual Intelligence, Emotional Intelligence, Organizational Citizenship Behaviour, and Employee Performance
Abstract
The effect of Intelligence on employee performance is highly essential, although contradictions related to the current research found. This research aims to analyze the direct and indirect effect of spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence on employee performance through Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). This research using Partial Least Square (PLS) with 50 respondents as samples. It shows that emotional intelligence has a direct and indirect effect on employee performance. Meanwhile, spiritual intelligence only has a direct effect on employee performance. Emotional intelligence can increase employee performance indirectly through OCB. Management implies that the supervisor is supposed to conduct an assessment on OCB to enhance employee performance continuously.
JEL Classification: D23, J24
Keywords
References
Agustian, G. A. (2007). Rahasia Sukses Membangun Kecerdasan Emosi dan Spiritual ESQ: Emotional, Spiritual Quotients. In Berdasarkan 6 Rukun Iman dan 5 Rukun Islam. Jakarta: ARGA Publishing.
Anwar, M., A., Osman, M. G. (2015). The Effect of Spiritual Intelligence and Its Dimensions on Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 8(4), 1162–1178.
Basu, E., Pradhan, R., Tewari, & H. (2017). Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Job Performance in Indian Healthcare Industries. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 66(6), 780–796.
Bighami, M. K., Farshid, A., & Mohsen, S. A. A. (2013). The Effect of Emotional Intelligence on Work-Family Conflict among Employees in Manufacturing Environment Using Structural Equation Modelling. Shiraz Journal of System Management, 1(2), 67–79.
Chelagat, L. J., Kiprop, C. P., & Kembai, A. (2015). Effect of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Employee Performance in Banking Sector Nairobi County, Kenya. International Journal of Business, Humaniora and Technology, 5(4), 55–61.
Chin, S. T. S., Anantharaman, R. N., & David, Y. K. T. (2011). Emotional Intelligence and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour of Manufacturing Sector Employees: An Analysis. Management, 6(2), 107–125.
Gan, J. L., & Yusof, H. M. (2018). Does Emotional Intelligence Influence Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Engineers? A Conceptual Paper. © IEOM Society International.
Hans, A., Soofi, A. M., & Ameera, H. H. (2015). Antecedents of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in Banking Sector of Sultanate of Oman. International Journal in Management and Social Science, 3(1), 152–164.
Harwiki, W. (2016). Impact of Servantt Leadership on Organization Culture, Organizational Commitment, Organizational Citizenship Behaviour and Employee Performance in Women Cooperatives. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 219(2016), 283–290.
Indarti, S., Solimun, Fernandez. R., A., & Hakim, W. (2017). The Effect of OCB in Relationship between. Personality, Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction on Performance. Journal of Management Development, 36(10), 1283–1293.
Khawaja, S. F. (2017). Impact of Spiritual Intelligence on Employee Task Performance and OCB. Mediating Role of Self Efficacy, Moderating Role of Collectivist Culture of Pakistan. Jinnah Business Review, 5(1), 34–45.
Luthans, F. (2011). Organizational Behavior. An Evidence – Based Approach. Twelfth Edition. McGraw – Hill International Edition. New York: McGraw – Hill.
Maharani, V. E., Troena, E. A., & Noermijati, N. (2013). Organizational Citizenship Behavior Role in Mediating the Effect of Transformational Leadership, Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance: Studies in PT Bank Syariah Mandiri. Malang East Java. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(17), 1–12.
Mangkunegara, A. P. (2001). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Perusahaan. Edisi Baru. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Meisler, G. (2013). Empirical Exploration of the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Perceived Organizational Justice and Turnover Intentions. Employee Relations, 35(4), 441–455.
Muhdar, H. M. R., & St. (2015). The Influence of Spiritual Intelligence, Leadership, and Organizational Culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Study to Islamic Bank in Makassar City. Al-Ulum, 15(1), 135–156.
Organ, D. W. (2006). Treating Employees Fairly and OCB: Sorting the Effect of Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Procedural Justice. USA: Plenum Publishing Corporation.
Overstreet, R. L. (2016). The Relationship between Leaders Emotional Intelligence and Employee Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Job Related Affective Well-Being.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, P. J., Bacharach, & D. (2000). Organizational Citizenship Behaviours: a Critical Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions for. Future Research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513–63.
Rahgozar, H., Mahdi, K., & Maryam, M. (2014). Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Shiraz Azad University Staff. The Special Issue in Management and Technology. Pp, 1347–1353.
Rezvani, A., Rowena, B., & Pouria, K. (2018). Investigating the Relationships among Team Emotional Intelligence, trust, conflict and team performance. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 25(1/2), 120–137.
Robbins, S. P. (2006). Perilaku Organisasi: Konsep, Kontroversi dan Aplikasi. Edisi Kedua. Terjemahan Pudjaatmaka. Jakarta: Prenhallindo.
Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D., & Caruso. (2004). Emotional Intelligence: Theory, Finding, and Implication. Psychology Inquiry, 15(3), 197–215.
Sani, A. S., & Troena, E. A. (2012). Pengaruh Kecerdasan Emosional dan Kecerdasan Spiritual terhadap Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Kepuasan Kerja dan Kinerja Manajer (Studi di Bank Syari’ah Kota Malang). Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 10(4), 693–709.
Saphiro, L. E. (2003). Mengajarkan Emotional Intelligence pada Anak. Jakarta: Gramedia.
Siddiqui, R. S., & Hassan, A. (2013). Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Employees’ Turnover Rate in FMCG Organizations. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 7(2), 394–404.
Stephens, J. P., Carmeli, & A. (2016). The Positive Effect of Expressing Negative Emotions on Knowledge Creation Capability and Performance of Project Teams. International Journal of Project Management, 34(5), 862–873.
DOI: 10.15408/etk.v18i2.11318
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2019 ETIKONOMI
