KEMISKINAN STRUKTURAL DAN KERENTANAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DI SEKITAR TPA CIPAYUNG

Moch. Ilham Noer Sunan; Riska Nur Azizah; Ni Wayan Orissa Hrdayani Mas Manuaba; Shofira Nur  Aliya P; Adinda Annisa  Zahra

doi:10.15408/empati.v15i1.50830

Authors

Moch. Ilham Noer Sunan Universitas Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9160-0272
Riska Nur Azizah Universitas Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7677-3675
Ni Wayan Orissa Hrdayani Mas Manuaba Universitas Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0649-1653
Shofira Nur Aliya P Universitas Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7700-3216
Adinda Annisa Zahra Universitas Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5537-3044

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15408/empati.v15i1.50830

Keywords:

Structural poverty, social vulnerability, Cipayung landfill, informal sector

Abstract

Abstract. This study aims to analyze structural poverty and social vulnerability among communities living around the Cipayung Final Disposal Site (TPA) in Depok City. Increasing urbanization has led to a significant rise in waste volume and landfill overcapacity, resulting in environmental and social problems. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study method through observation, interviews, and documentation. The informants include local government officials, landfill managers, and surrounding communities such as waste pickers and informal sector workers. The results show that the community experiences structural poverty, characterized by limited access to education, formal employment, and social protection. Dependence on the informal waste sector leads to unstable and vulnerable income. In addition, the open dumping system causes environmental pollution that negatively impacts public health. The analysis, based on the poverty cycle theory by H.H. Munker and the structural poverty theory by Oscar Lewis, indicates that poverty arises from the interrelation of economic factors, health conditions, and limited access to resources.

Keyword: Structural poverty; social vulnerability; Cipayung landfill; informal sector.

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemiskinan struktural dan kerentanan sosial masyarakat di sekitar Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Cipayung, Kota Depok. Urbanisasi yang meningkat berdampak pada tingginya volume sampah dan kelebihan kapasitas TPA, sehingga menimbulkan masalah lingkungan dan sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Informan terdiri dari aparatur kelurahan, pengelola TPA, serta masyarakat sekitar seperti pemulung dan pekerja informal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat mengalami kemiskinan struktural yang ditandai oleh keterbatasan akses terhadap pendidikan, pekerjaan formal, dan perlindungan sosial. Ketergantungan pada sektor informal persampahan menyebabkan pendapatan tidak stabil dan rentan. Selain itu, sistem open dumping menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan yang berdampak pada kesehatan masyarakat. Analisis menggunakan teori lingkaran kemiskinan dari H.H. Munker dan teori kemiskinan struktural dari Oscar Lewis menunjukkan bahwa kemiskinan terjadi akibat keterkaitan antara faktor ekonomi, kesehatan, dan keterbatasan akses sumber daya.

Kata Kunci: Kemiskinan struktural; kerentanan sosial; TPA Cipayung; sektor informal.

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