THE RHETORICAL STYLE IN THE IBN MASHISH PRAYERS OF THE SHEIKH ‘ABD AS-SALAM IBN AL-MASHISH
Abstract
Abstract
One of the most famous forms of Shalawat (preyers) in Morocco is Shalawat Masyisyiyyah by Sheikh Abd al-Salam ibn al-Masyisyi. This is one of the Shalawat that has many secrets that will be revealed by practicing it regularly. Based on this background, this study aims to find out the biography of Sheikh Abd al-Salam al-Masyisyi and Shalawat Masyisyyyah and their characteristics, then analyze the style in the Shalawat Masyisyiyyah language which is in accordance with Balaghah science. The researcher uses a descriptive approach and analysis method that describes, describes, discloses, and presents the object that is then studied and refers to sources and references from Balaghah and Tafsir books as well as scientific articles related to Shalawat. The results of this study show that in this Shalawat there is an element of ma'ani science, kalam al-Insya' 19 times, kalam al-khabar 4 times, al-qashr and itnab once. Then the element of bayan science, majaz 8 times, kinayah 3 times, and tasybih 1 time. While the element of badi' science, from muhassinat ma'nawiyyah there is thibaq 3 times, from muhassinat lafzhiyyah there are sajak 12 times, iqtibas 4 times, and jinas 3 times.
Keywords: Meshish Prayers, Rhetoric, Sheikh Abd al-Salam al-Mashish
Abstrak
Salah satu bentuk shalawat yang paling terkenal di Maroko adalah Shalawat Masyisyiyyah oleh Sheikh Abd al-Salam ibn al-Masyisyi. Ini adalah salah satu shalawat yang memiliki banyak rahasia yang akan terungkap dengan rutin mengamalkannya. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui biografi Sheikh Abd al-Salam al-Masyisyi dan Shalawat Masyisyiyyah serta karakteristiknya, kemudian menganalisa gaya pada bahasa Shalawat Masyisyiyyah yang sesuai dengan ilmu Balaghah. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dan metode analisis yang mendeskripsikan, menggambarkan, mengungkapkan, serta memaparkan objek yang kemudian dikaji serta merujuk pada sumber dan referensi dari buku-buku Balaghah dan Tafsir serta artikel ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan Shalawat ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa di dalam Shalawat ini terdapat unsur ilmu ma’ani, kalam al-Insya’ sebanyak 19 kali, kalam al-khabar sebanyak 4 kali, al-qashr dan itnab sebanyak satu kali. Kemudian unsur ilmu bayan, majaz sebanyak 8 kali, kinayah sebanyak 3 kali, dan tasybih sebanyak satu kali. Sedangkan unsur ilmu badi’, dari muhassinat ma’nawiyyah terdapat thibaq sebanyak 3 kali, dari muhassinat lafzhiyyah terdapat sajak sebanyak 12 kali, iqtibas sebanyak 4 kali, dan jinas sebanyak 3 kali.
Kata Kunci: Shalawat Masyisyiyyah, Balaghah, Abd al-Salam al-Masyisyi
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