Reformulation of the Monitoring on Political Party Fund System; A Case of Indonesian Political Party System

Muhammad Aljabar Putra, Rezky Panji Perdana Martua Hasibuan, Indra Rahmatullah

Abstract


Abstract:

A political party is an entry point to affirm the Democratical State. In order to realize the function, political party needs operational fund so that the state-issued Government Regulation Number 1 of 2018 concerning Financial Aid to Political Party which raised financial assistance to political party from 108 rupiahs per valid vote to 1,000 rupiahs per valid vote. However, it became polemic because of increasing political party aid fund without supervision of the management and reporting of aid fund. As a result of the absence of supervision, there is corruption in political party because the supervision of management, reporting of political party fund and sanction have not been done optimally so that political party is not able to accommodate and realize the principles of Good and Clean Governance as mentioned in Law Number 2 Year 2011 concerning Political Party. The purpose of this research is to answer the polemic of increasing political party budget related to the system of monitoring political party fund comprehensively. The method used is juridical-normative with legislation and conceptual approach.

Keywords: Political Party, Fund System, Democracy


Abstrak:

Partai politik merupakan entry point dalam menegaskan kehidupan Negara Demokrasi. Dalam rangka mewujudkan fungsi tersebut partai politik membutuhkan dana operasional sehingga negara mengeluarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 1 Tahun 2018 tentang Bantuan Keuangan Kepada Partai Politik yang menaikan bantuan dana partai politik dari Rp.108 per suara sah menjadi Rp.1000 per suara sah. Namun menjadi polemik adalah kenaikan jumlah dana bantuan partai politik tersebut tanpa diimbangi dengan pengawasan terhadap pengelolaan dan pelaporan dana tersebut. Akibat tidak adanya pengawasan tersebut rawan terjadinya praktik korupsi dalam partai politik karena selama ini pengawasan pengelolaan, pelaporan dana partai politik dan sanksi belum dilakukan secara maksimal sehingga belum mengakomodir dan mewujudkan prinsip-prinsip Good and Clean Governance sebagaimana yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2011 tentang Partai Politik. Tujuan penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menjawab polemik kenaikan anggaran partai politik secara komprehensif terkait sistem pengawasan dana partai politik. Metode penelitian adalah yuridis-normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan konseptual (conceptual approach).

Kata Kunci: Dana Partai Politik, Demokrasi, dan Good Clean Governance


Аннотация :

Политические партии являются отправной точкой в утверждении жизни демократического государства. Чтобы реализовать эту функцию, политическим партиям нужен оперативный фонд. В связи с этим, государство издало Постановление правительства № 1 от 2018 года о финансовой помощи политическим партиям по увеличению фонда политических партий со 108 рупий до 1000 рупий за один действительный голос. Однако, проблемой стало то, что увеличение количества финансовой помощи политическим партиям не было сбалансировано с наблюдением за управлением и отчётностью этих фондов. В результате отсутствия такого наблюдения имеются тенденции к коррупционной деятельности в политических партиях, потому что всё это время наблюдение за управлением, отчётность о фондах политических партий и санкции осуществляются неоптимально. Все вышеперечисленные причины ещё не соответствуют и не реализуют принципы честного и надлежащего управления (Good and Clean Governance), урегулированные в Законе № 2 от 2011 года о Политических партиях. Целью данного исследования является решение вопроса увеличения бюджета политических партий в полном объёме, который связан с системами наблюдения за фондами политических партий. Метод данного исследования - юридическо-нормативный подход, законодательный подход и концептуальный подход.

Ключевые Слова: Фонд политических партий, демократия, честное и надлежащее управление



Keywords


Political Party, Fund System, Democracy

Full Text:

PDF

References


Books

Anggun, S.G. Mendorong Transparansi dan Akuntabilitas Pengaturan Keuangan Partai Politik, Mimbar Hukum, Volume 29 Number 1.

Asshiddiqie, J. Penghantar Ilmu Hukum Tata Negara, Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada, 2016.

Asshiddiqie, J. Hukum Tata Negara dan Pilar-Pilar Demokrasi; Serpihan Pemikiran Hukum, Media dan HAM, Jakarta: Konstitusi Pers, 2005.

Budiarjo, M. Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Politik, Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 1992.

Bull, B. The Multilateral Development Banks and Governance Reforms. A Proposed Approach, Oslo University: Centre for Development and the Environment Paper, 2000.

Dahl, R. Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1971.

Duschinsky, M.P. “Financing Politics: a Global View” in Katarina Hadju, 2014, Money in Established Democracies: Explaining the Variation in Party Funding Regimes, (Departement of Political Science, Lund University Press, 2014).

Biezen, I.V. Financing Political Parties and election campaigns-guidlines, Jerman: Council of Europe, 2003.

Grindle, M. Good Governance: the Inflation of an Idea, Faculty Research Working Paper Series, UK:Harvard Kennedy School, 2010.

Guther, R. Political Parties and Democracy, London:The John Hopkins University Press, 2001.

Hadiu, K. Money in Established Democracies: Explaining the Variation in Party Funding Regimes, Lund:Departement of Political Science Lund University, 2014.

Hafild, E. Laporan Studi Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Khusus Partai Politik, Jakarta: Transparency International Indonesia dan IFES, 2003.

Hanitijo, R.S. Metode Penelitian Hukum Jurimetri, Jakarta: Penerbit Ghalia Indonesia, 1998.

Nassmacher, K.H. Regulation of Party Finance, Nomos Verlagsgesellscahft, 2001.

Gisselquist, M.R. Good Governance as a Concept and Why This Matter for Development Policy, United Nation University- World Institute for Development Economics Research, 2010.

Wilhelm, H.; & Grabow, K. Political Party and The Function and Organisation in Democratic Societies, Prishtina: Konrad Adenauer Foundation Prishtina Institute for Political Studies, 2013.

Huntington, S. Political Order In Changing Societies, London: Yale University Press, 1968.

Ibrahim, J.. Teori dan Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Normatif, Malang: Penerbit Bayumedia, 2007.

International Fund for Agricultural Development. Good Governance: an Overview, IFAD Executive Board – Sixty Seventh Session, 1999.

Suriasumantri, J.S. Filsafat Ilmu: Sebuah Pengantar Populer, Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar Harapan, 2001.

Johnston, M. Political Finance Policy, Parties, and Democratic Development, National Democratic Institute for International Affairs, 2005.

Inu, S.K. Sitem Politik Indonsia, Bandung:PT. Refika Aditama, 2005.

Pollockk, J.K. Money and Politics Abroad, Alfred Knopf, 1932.

Maciver, R.M. The Modern State, US: Oxford University, 1955.

Maivo, J. Political Parties And Intra-Party Democracy In East Africa: From Representative To Participatory Democracy, Amsterdam:Leiden University, 2008.

Maiyo, J. Political Parties And Intra-Party Democracy In East Africa: From Representative To Participatory Democracy, Amsterdam: Leiden University, 2008.

Nazir, M. Metode Penelitian, Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia, 2005.

Neumann, S., Modern Political Parties: Approaches to Comparative, 1966.

Ohman, M. et.al. a Handbook on Political Finance Funding of political parties and election Campaigns, International IDEA and Kofi Annan Foundation, 2014.

Sinclair, R.K. Democracy and Participation in Athens, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Sukismo. Karakter Penelitian Hukum Normatif dan Sosiologis, Yogyakarta:Penerbit Puskumbangsi Leppa UGM, 2008.

Supriyanto, D. Bantuan Keuangan Partai Politik: Metode Penetapan Besaran, Transparansi, dan Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan, Jakarta: Yayasan Perluden, 2012.

Schattscheider, E.E., Party Government American Government in Action, New York: Politic and International Relations, 1942.

Journals

Camdessus, M. Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund at Transparency International, Paris: IMF, 1998.

Conant, S. The Gettysburg Adresss: Perspective on Lincoln’s Greatest Speech, England: Oxord University Press, 2015.

Dam, T. Good Governance in the Multilateral Development System, Oslo:Center for Development and the Environment University of Oslo, 2001.

Faisal, B.B.; dan Mulyanto, Didik. “Pendanaan Partai Politik di Indonesia Mencari Pola Pendanaan Ideal Untuk Mencegah Korupsi,” Jurnal Integritas, Volume 4 Nomor 1, 2018.

Heidenheimer, A. Comparative Party Finance: Note on Practices and Toward a Theory, The Journal of Politics, Vol. 25, No. 5 Cambridge University Press, 1963.

Mardiasmo. Perwujudan Transparansi dan Akuntabilitas Publik Melalui Akuntasi Sektor Publik: Suatu Sarana Good Governance, Jurnal Akuntansi Pemerintahan, Volume 2 Nomor 1, 2006.

Nugroho, H. “Demokrasi dan Demokratisasi: Sebuah Kerangka Konseptual untuk Memahami Dinamika Sosial-Politik di Indonesia”, Jurnal Pemikiran Sosiologi Vol. 1, Mei 2012.

The law

Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 1 Tahun 2018 tentang Bantuan Keuangan Partai Politik

Political Parties and Election Act 2009 The Second Amendment of Political Parties , Election and Referendum Act 2004 Of United Kingdom.

Undang-undang No. 2 Tahun 2011 atas perubahan kedua Undang-Undang No.2 Tahun 2008 Partai Politik.

Undang-Undang No. 31 Tahun 2002 tentang Partai Politik.

Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2008 tentang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik.

Act on Political Parties Federal Law Gazette Germany.

Internet

http://www.fiskal.kemenkeu.go.id/data/document/2015/kajian/pkapbn/Kajian%20Dukungan%20APBN%20untuk%20Pendanaan%20Partai%20Politik.pdf

http://www.imf.org/external/np/speeches/1998/012198.htm.

http://www.unpad.ac.id/2014/12/prof-rizal-djalil-perbaikan-pengelolaan-dana-partai-politik-akan-hasilkan-politisi-yang-profesional/

https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2016/05/26/09175281/tidak.transparan.kelola.keuangan.partai.politik.harus.dijerat.sanksi.pembekuan

https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2017/09/15/13521781/icw-transparansi-pengelolaan-anggaran-parpol-masih-buruk

https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3567239/survei-kepercayaan-publik-kpk-presiden-tertinggi-dpr-terendah

https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/baca/lt574714661fc69/sanksi-administrasi-parpol-yang-disclaimer-kelola-dana-apbn-ala-prof-saldi-isra

Other Resources

United Nations Development Programme, 1994, Good Governance and Sustainable Human Development: a UN Policy Document, UNDP.

United Nations Development Programme, 1997, Governance for sustainable human development. A UNDP Policy Document, New York: United Nations Development Programme.

World Bank, 1992, Governance and Development.

World bank, 1987, World Development Report 1987: Barriers to Adjustment and Growth in the World Economy, Industrialization and Foreign Trade, and World Development Indicators,US: The Oxford University Press




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v7i2.12141 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Free counters!

View My Stats

Creative Commons License 
licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International