NILAI-NILAI TASAWUF DALAM QOSIDAH “IDZÂ SYI`TA AN TAHYÂ SA'ÎDAN” KARYA IMAM ABDULLAH AL-HADDAD
Abstract
Abstract
This study aims to identify the Sufi values in “Idhā Shi'ta An Taḥyā Saʿīdan”, a work by Al-Imām ʿAbdullāh Al-Ḥaddād, through a prosodic (ʿarūḍ) analysis, as well as to examine the zihāf and ʿillah elements in the qaṣīdah according to the science of Arabic prosody. The researcher concludes that Sufi values (qiyam ṣūfiyyah) are a part of exemplary moral values (qiyam miṡāliyyah), which are the values expected to be practiced by society in daily life. The researcher uses a descriptive-analytical method, by describing and analyzing the verses of the qaṣīdah “Idhā Shi'ta An Taḥyā Saʿīdan”, and identifying its zihāf and ʿillah elements. The study concludes that the qaṣīdah, composed by Al-Imām ʿAbdullāh Al-Ḥaddād, consists of 43 verses, written in the ṭawīl meter, which follows the pattern Faʿūlun Mafāʿīlun Faʿūlun Mafāʿīlun repeated twice (2x). It contains a total of 344 tafʿīlahs, including 103 instances of zihāf al-qabḍ, and 241 correct (ṣaḥīḥ) tafʿīlahs, with no ʿillah found in the qaṣīdah. The Sufi values identified in the qaṣīdah include: Strengthening of Certainty (Taḥsīn al-Yaqīn), Ashʿarī Creed (ʿAqīdah al-Ashʿarī), Recitation of the Qur'an with contemplation (Tilāwat al-Qurʾān maʿa Tadabburihī), Consistency in Reflection (Mulāzamat al-Fikr), Diligence (al-Jidd), Patience (al-Ṣabr), Gratitude (al-Shukr), Reliance on God (al-Tawakkul), Contentment (al-Riḍā), Sincerity (al-Ikhlāṣ), Satisfaction with what one has (al-Qanāʿah), Generosity (al-Badhl), Avoiding faults such as envy (ḥasad), deceit (ghish), betrayal (ghadr), pursuit of fame (ṭalab al-jāh), and greed (ṭamaʿ), Encouragement of supplication (al-amr bi al-duʿāʾ), Maintaining the obligatory prayers (muḥāfaẓat ʿalā al-ṣalawāt al-maktūbah), Repentance (al-tawbah), Seeking forgiveness (al-istighfār), and sending blessings upon the Prophet Muhammad (al-ṣalāt ʿalā al-Nabī Muḥammad).
Keywords: Al-Qiyam, Tasawwuf, Qosidah, Suluk
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai sufi dalam “Idzâ Sy`ta An Tahyâ Sa'îdan”, karya Al-Imâm Abdullâh Al-Haddâd Dirâsah Arudiyyah serta mengetahui Zihâf dan ‘illatnya qosidah menurut ilmu arudh. Peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa qiyam sufiyyah merupakan bagian dari qiyam misaliyah atau contoh, yaitu nilai-nilai yang diharapkan penerapannya oleh masyarakat dalam perilakunya sehari-hari. Peneliti menggunakan metode deskripsi analisis, yaitu dengan cara mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis bait-bait qosidah “Idzâ Sy`ta An Tahyâ Sa'îdan”, serta mengetahui Zihâf dan ‘illatnya qosidah. Dan dari penelitian ini, menghasilkan bahwasannya qosidah “Idzâ Sy`ta An Tahyâ Sa'îdan”, karya Al-Imâm Abdullâh Al-Haddâd terdiri dari 43 bait menggunakan bahr Towil yang mana wazannya Fa'ûlun Mafâ'îlun Fa'ûlun Mafâ 'îlun dua kali (2x), berisi 344 taf’îlat, diantaranya ada 103 zihâf al-Qabdi dan 241 taf’îlat Soh̠îh̠ dan tidak ditemukannya illat pada qosidah. Adapun nilai-nilai tasawuf yang terkandung diantarannya: Tahsînul Yaqîn ،Aqîdatul Asy’ari، Tilâwatul Qur’an ma’a tadabburihî, Mulâzamah al-Fikr, Al-Jid, Al-Sabr, Al-Sykr, Al-Tawakkal, Ar-Ridô, Al-Ikhlâs, Al-Qonâ’ah, Al-Bazl, Tarku u’yûb, Hasad, Ghisy, Ghodr, Talabul jáh, Tamak, Amaro bid-du’â, Muhafazo Al-Solât al-Maktubah, Taubat, Istighfâr, Al-Sholât ala-nabi Muhammad.
Kata Kunci: Al-Qiyam, Tasawwuf, Qosidah, Suluk
