Literature and Da'wah in the Poems of Abdul Hamdid al-Khatib: A 19th-Century Minangkabau Scholar

Abstract

This study analyzes religious values in the poetry of Abdul Hamid Al-Khatib using Riffaterre’s semiotic approach. The analysis focuses on four principal poems: “Promise and Threat” (al-Waʿd wa al-Waʿīd), “Paradise and Hell” (al-Jannah wa al-Nār), “The Prophets and Messengers” (al-Anbiyāʾ wa al-Rusul), and “The Names and Attributes of God” (al-Asmāʾ wa al-Ṣifāt). The study employs four analytical stages: the continuity of expression, heuristic and hermeneutic readings, hypogram analysis, and the exploration of the literary matrix.

The findings reveal that these poems convey profound religious messages through rich symbolism, intertextual engagement with religious texts, and the use of literary language that reinforces Islamic moral and spiritual teachings. Al-Khatib’s poetry effectively connects readers with divine values, ethical principles, and religious consciousness.

Keywords: Riffaterre’s semiotics, religious values, Arabic poetry, Abdul Hamid al-Khatib

Penelitian ini menganalisis nilai-nilai keagamaan dalam puisi karya Abdul Hamid Al-Khatib dengan menggunakan pendekatan semiotika Riffaterre.  Kajian difokuskan pada empat syair utama: "Janji dan Ancaman" (الْوَعْدُ وَالْوَعِيدُ), "Surga dan Neraka" (الْجَنَّةُ وَالنَّارُ), "Para Nabi dan Rasul" (الْأَنْبِيَاءُ وَالرُّسُلُ), dan "Nama-nama Allah dan Sifat-sifat-Nya" (الْأَسْمَاءُ وَالصِّفَاتُ). Analisis dilakukan melalui empat tahap: kelangsungan ekspresi, pembacaan heuristik dan hermeneutik, analisis hipogram, dan eksplorasi matriks sastra.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa puisi-puisi tersebut menyampaikan pesan religius yang mendalam melalui simbolisme yang kuat, intertekstualitas dengan teks keagamaan, serta penggunaan bahasa sastra yang memperkuat ajaran moral dan spiritual Islam. Karya Al-Khatib secara efektif menghubungkan pembaca dengan nilai-nilai ketuhanan, etika, dan kesadaran religius.

Kata kunci: semiotika Riffaterre, nilai keagamaan, puisi arab, Abdul Hamid Al-Khatib