Komunikasi Pasangan Generasi Z dalam Berpacaran: Dari Self Disclosure Menuju Toxic Relationship

Abstract

This study explores the process of self-disclosure in toxic romantic relationships among Generation Z in Semarang, Indonesia. The research addresses the issue of how interpersonal communication, particularly the act of sharing personal information, unfolds in relationships characterized by emotional manipulation, distrust, and verbal aggression. The objective is to analyze how self-disclosure contributes to the development or deterioration of these relationships. The study is grounded in the Social Penetration Theory by Altman and Taylor, which conceptualizes the progression of interpersonal communication from superficial exchanges to deeper emotional intimacy. This qualitative descriptive-analytical research employs in-depth interviews, documentation, and literature review as data collection methods. Four participants, consisting of two Generation Z couples aged 21–23 who experienced and ended toxic relationships, were interviewed online. The findings reveal that self-disclosure initially supports closeness during the early stage of the relationship. However, as emotional intimacy increases, it often becomes a vulnerability point that leads to control, guilt inducement, and conflict. Over time, negative patterns of communication escalate, and the relationship shifts into a toxic dynamic marked by verbal abuse, emotional exhaustion, and loss of trust. Eventually, participants chose to end their relationships and relied on social support to recover emotionally. The study concludes that while self-disclosure is essential for relationship development, it requires a safe and respectful communicative environment; otherwise, it may serve as a trigger for relational harm in unhealthy romantic settings.