Istikshāf al-Takfīr wa Uṣūluhu wa Istikhdāmātuhu: Muqāranat Kufr al-Ta’wīl bayna al-Ashā‘irah wa al-Salafiyyah al-Wahhābiyyah
Abstract
This article seeks to analyze and focus on institutional Salafism, also referred to as Wahhabism. The term "Salafism" was not associated with Wahhabi doctrine until the 1970s. It is said that in the early 20th century, Wahhabis began calling themselves Salafis. In contemporary academic discussions, the terms "Salafism" and "Wahhabism" are sometimes used interchangeably. Using a library-based research method, this article concludes that not all Salafis hastily declare others as infidels, including the Wahhabis. They distinguish between apparent issues and hidden issues in the matter of individual takfir (excommunication). They hold that anyone who falls into acts of apparent polytheism, after the evidence from the Quran and Sunnah has been presented to them, is individually excommunicated. However, in hidden matters, a person is not declared an infidel unless their doubts have been entirely dispelled.
Keywords
References
Al-Ashʿarī, Abū al-Ḥasan. (1963). Maqālāt al-Islāmiyyīn wa Ikhtilāf al-Muṣallīn. Dār al-Nashr.
Ali, M. (2019). Understanding Salafis, Salafism and Modern Salafism. Islamiyyat: International Journal of Islamic Studies, 41(1).
ʿAlī, T. Ḥ., & Taghrīd Ḥanūn. (2021). Al-Salafiyyah: Dirāsah fī Nashʾatihā al-Tārīkhiyyah wa Tayyārātihā. Majallat Buḥūth al-Sharq al-Awsaṭ, 9(66), 191–222.
Badar, M., Nagata, M., & Tueni, T. (2017). The radical application of the Islamist concept of takfir. Arab Law Quarterly, 31(2), 134-162, doi 10.1163/15730255-31020044.
Ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb, Muḥammad (1115–1206 H), & Ismāʿīl ibn Muḥammad al-Anṣārī. Mufīd al-Mustafīd fī Kufr Tārik al-Tawḥīd.
Ibn Taymiyyah, Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥalīm, & Abū Yaḥyā Maḥmūd Abū Sin. (2003). Al-Īmān al-Awsaṭ. Dār Ṭayyibah.
Al-Ibrahim, B. (2015). ISIS, Wahhabism and Takfir. Contemporary Arab Affairs, 8 (3), 408-415, DOI: 10.1080/17550912.2015.1051376.
Lauzière, H. (2010). The construction of Salafiyya: Reconsidering Salafism from the perspective of conceptual history. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 42 (3), 369-389.
Al-Marākibī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Muḥammad. (n.d.). Qaḍiyyat al-Takfīr wa al-Ḥukm ʿalā al-Muslimīn bayna al-Taṭarruf wa al-Iʿtidāl. al-Qāhirah: Maṭbaʿat al-Shams Shibīn al-Kūm.
Mustaghfirin, M. K., & Mujab, S. (2022). منهج التصحيح والتضعيف عند المحدثين: دراسة نقدية لمنهج الشيخ الألباني نموذجا. Al-Zahra: Journal for Islamic and Arabic Studies, 19(2).
Al-Qarnī, ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad. (1992). Ḍawābiṭ al-Takfīr ʿinda Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamāʿah. Muʾassasat al-Risālah.
Al-Raḥīlī, Ibrāhīm ibn ʿĀmir. (2009). Al-Takfīr wa Ḍawābiṭuh. Ghirās li al-nashr wa al-tawzīʿ.
Ranstorp, M., Ahlin, F., Hyllengren, P., & Normark, M. (2019). Between Salafism and Salafi-Jihadism: influence and challenges for Swedish society.
Al-Rāshid, Rāshid ibn Abī al-ʿIlā. (2004). Ḍawābiṭ Takfīr al-Muʿayyan ʿinda Shaykhay al-Islām Ibn Taymiyyah wa Ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb wa ʿulamāʾ al-Daʿwah al-Iṣlāḥiyyah.
Sahabuddin, S., Wibowo, W., & Taufiq, S. (2020). Al-khilafah al-Islamiyyah: Nazrah Muqaranah bayna Hizbu al-Tahrir al-Falistini wa al-Sunnah al-Nabawiyyah. Islamika Inside: Jurnal Keislaman dan Humaniora, 6(1), 1-43.
Al-Shahrastānī, Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Karīm ibn Abī Bakr Aḥmad. (2004). Al-Milal wa al-Niḥal. Dār al-Fikr.
Tarik K. Firro (2013) The Political Context of Early Wahhabi Discourse of Takfir, Middle Eastern Studies, 49(5), 770-789, DOI: 10.1080/00263206.2013.811648.
DOI: 10.15408/zr.v21i1.37782
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
