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Dalam rangka mengembangkan bahan fotokatalitis TiO₂ pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan preparasi fotokatalis TiO2-Resin yang disertai dengan karakterisasi dan uji aktivitas untuk proses fotoreduksi ion Hg(II). Preparasi imobilisasi ini dilakukan dengan metode pertukaran ion yang di ikuti dengan kalsinasi pada suhu tertentu. Pada preparasi telah dipelajari pengaruh konsentrasi Titanium Isopropoksida sebagai sumber ion Ti(IV) terhadap TiO2-Resin yang dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan Difraksi Sinar X (XRD) dan Thermografimetri (TGA). Pada proses fotoreduksi ion Hg(II) dipelajari pengaruh massa fotokatalis, kadar TiO2 yang terimobilisasi ke dalam resin, konsentrasi Ion Hg(II), dan pengaruh pH. Proses fotoreduksi dilakukan dalam suatu reaktor tertutup yang dilengkapi dengan lampu UV, yaitu dengan cara menyinari campuran yang terdiri dari larutan ion Hg(II) dan serbuk fotokatalis TiO2-Resin, disertai dengan pengadukan selama waktu tertentu. Hasil fotoreduksi dihitung berdasarkan selisih antara konsentrasi ion Hg(II) awal dengan ion Hg(II) yang tak tereduksi. Penentuan konsentrasi ion Hg(II) yang tak tereduksi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA) teknik pembangkitan uap dingin atau Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry(CV-AAS). Hasil preparasi menunjukkan semakin tinggi konsentrasi Titanium Isopropoksida yang ditambahkan pada resin semakin tinggi juga kadar TiO2 yang terbentuk pada TiO2-Resin. Hasil uji fotokatalis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan fotokatalis TiO¬2-Resin dapat meningkatkan hasil fotoreduksi ion Hg(II) yang peningkatannya lebih tinggi dibandingkan TiO2 serbuk. Penambahan fotokatalis dengan massa yang semakin besar menambah efektivitas fotoreduksi terhadap ion Hg(II) yang semakin besar, namun jika ditambahkan massa fotokatalis yang lebih tinggi lagi akan menurunkan efektivitas fotoreduksi terhadap ion Hg(II). Kenaikan konsentrasi Hg(II) menyebabkan efektivitas fotoreduksi semakin rendah. Pada pH 1-4 terjadi kenaikan fotoreduksi pada ion Hg(II), akan tetapi pada pH yang lebih tinggi dari 4 menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan efektivitas fotoreduksi terhadap ion Hg(II).

Kata kunci : Fotokatalis, TiO2-resin, Ion Hg(II)

Abstract

To develop TiO₂ photoreduction photocatalyst in order to decrease the Hg(II) ion concentrate, in this research, it has been done the TiO2-Resin photocatalyst preparation with the characterization and application to Hg(II) ion photoreduction process. This preparation was done with ion exchange method which followed by studied calcinations at certain temperature. The preparation has been studied the influence of titanium isopropoxide concentrate toward TiO2-Resin which has been characterized by using X-Ray Diffraction(XRD) and Thermografimetry (TGA). In Hg(II) ion photoreduction process, it has been studied the influence of photocatalyst mass, the content of TiO2 which immobilized into sulfonated polystyrene (resin), the ion Hg(II) concentrate, and the pH influence. The photoreduction process has been done in the closed reactor that equipped by UV lamp, and uses the irradiating a mixture which contents of Hg(II) ion solution and TiO2-Resin photocatalyst powder, with the stirring at certain time. The result of photoreduction was calculated based on the difference between the earlier Hg(II) ion concentrate and unreduced Hg(II) ion. The determining of unreduced Hg(II) ion concentrate was done by using cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry (CV-AAS). The preparation result showed that the higher isopropoxide titanium that was added into sulfonated polystyrene, the higher the content of TiO₂ that was formed in TiO2-Resin. the result of photocatalyst test showed that the using using of TiO₂-Resin photocatalyst can increase the result of Hg(II) ion photoreduction  which the increase is higher than TiO2 powder. The added of photocatalyst by the higher mass, adds the photoreduction effectiveness toward the Hg(II) ion. The higher the Hg(II) concentrate that added, the lower the photoreduction effectiveness. In pH 1-4, there is the photoreduction increase on Hg(II) ion, but in the highest pH that more than 4, it causes the decrease of the photoreduction effectiveness toward the Hg(II) ion.

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