Konstruksi Tafsir Maqāṣidī Rashid Riḍā: Analisis atas Konsep Maqāṣid al-Qur’an dalam Al-Waḥy al-Muḥammadī dan Implementasinya dalam Tafsīr al-Manār

Abstract

The growing interest in maqāṣidī exegesis has encouraged scholars to explore the universal objectives that constitute the fundamental orientation of the Qur’anic message. In this context, Rashid Riḍā occupies a significant position as a Muslim reformist scholar who systematically formulated the concept of maqāṣid al-Qur’an in Al-Waḥy al-Muḥammadī and implemented it in Tafsīr al-Manār. However, the relationship between his conceptual formulation of maqāṣid al-Qur’an and its application in Qur’anic interpretation has received limited scholarly attention. This article aims to analyze Rashid Riḍā’s construction of maqāṣid al-Qur’an and examine its implementation in Tafsīr al-Manār. This study employs a qualitative library research approach using descriptive-analytical methods. The primary sources consist of Al-Waḥy al-Muḥammadī and Tafsīr al-Manār, which are analyzed through the framework of maqāṣidī exegesis. The findings reveal that Rashid Riḍā formulated maqāṣid al-Qur’an into ten principal objectives encompassing faith, prophethood, character formation, socio-political unity, legal order, governance, economic justice, international relations, women’s rights, and the gradual abolition of slavery. These objectives function not merely as a classification of the Qur’an’s overarching purposes but also as an epistemological framework underpinning his interpretive method. An examination of selected passages in Tafsīr al-Manār demonstrates a consistent relationship between Riḍā’s theoretical formulation and his exegetical practice, reflected in his emphasis on justice, public welfare (maṣlaḥah), education, social reform, and communal solidarity. The study argues that Rashid Riḍā occupies an important place in the development of modern maqāṣidī exegesis through his integration of the Qur’an’s universal objectives with the reformist needs of Muslim society.