Hide
Show all
Disability and Islamic Law in Indonesia: Beyond the Rukhṣah
Abstract
In the past decade, Indonesia has witnessed a surge in interest in exploring the intersection of Islam and disabilities. This trend began with a seminar at UIN Sunan Kalijaga in 2011, leading to numerous research initiatives and publications, culminating in the publication of separate Fikih Difabel by three prominent Islamic institutions. However, these works often treat disabilities as exceptions, relying heavily on exceptions (rukhṣah) rather than developing comprehensive solutions that integrate people with disabilities as full and equal members of the community. This article examines the approaches and limitations of those three Fikih Difabel and proposes a more inclusive Fikih Difabel. It advocates adoption a holistic paradigm encompassing approach, definitions, methods, and accessibility, emphasizing the need to move beyond the rukhṣah. Employing a contextual discussion on ṭahārah to illustrate my proposed approach, this article aims to encourage a more practical and comprehensive framework for addressing disabilities within fiqh in Indonesia.
Keywords
References
’Abd Allāh b. ‘Umar b. ‘Abd Allāh Bajummah al-’Amūdī. 2005. I’ānah Al-Mubtadi’in Bi-Ba’ḍ Furū’ al-Dīn. Lebanon: Dar al-Minhaj.
Abu-Habib, Lina. 1997. Gender and Disability: Women’s Experiences in the Middle East. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxfam Publishing.
Al-Aoufi, Hiam, Nawaf Al-Zyoud, and Norbayah Shahminan. 2012. “Islam and the Cultural Conceptualisation of Disability.” International Journal of Adolescence and Youth 17(4): 205–19.
al-Ṭabarī. 1994. 7 Tafsīr Al-Ṭabarī Min Kitābihi Jāmi’ al-Bayān ‘an Ta’wīl Āyāt al-Qur’ān. eds. Basyar Awwad Ma’ruf and Isham Faris al-Harastani. Beirut: Muassasah al-Risalah.
Anwari Nuril Huda. 2020. “Ayat-Ayat Disabilitas Dalam Tafsir Ulama Nusantara.” In Islam dan Disabilitas: Dari Teks Ke Konteks, ed. Arif Maftuhin. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Gading, 67–88.
Ardianto, Aan. 2021. “Bantu Perekonomian Difabel, Muhammadiyah Luncurkan Program Jendela.” Muhammadiyah. https://muhammadiyah.or.id/bantu-perekonomian-difabel-muhammadiyah-luncurkan-program-jendela/ (September 27, 2023).
Bazna, Maysaa S., and Tarek A. Hata Hatab. 2005. “Disability in the Qur’an: The Islamic Alternative to Defining, Viewing, and Relating to Disability.” Journal of Religion, Disability & Health 9(1): 5–27.
Bik, Khudari. 1960. Tārīkh Al-Tasyrī’ al-Islāmī. Egypt: al-Maktabah al-Tijariyah al-Kubra.
Dār al-Iftā’ al-Miṣriyyah. “al-istinjā’ bi al-manādil al-waraqiyyah.” Dār al-Iftā’ al-Miṣriyyah. https://www.dar-alifta.org/ar/fatawa/15733/الاستنجاء-بالمناديل-الورقية (September 26, 2023).
“Fiqh | Definition | Britannica.” https://www.britannica.com/topic/fiqh (September 24, 2023).
Ghaly, Mohammed. 2009. Islam and Disability: Perspectives in Theology and Jurisprudence. Routledge.
———. 2016. “Disability in the Islamic Tradition.” Religion Compass 10(6): 149–62.
———. 2019. “The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Islamic Tradition: The Question of Legal Capacity in Focus.” Journal of Disability & Religion 23(3): 251–78.
Hak, Nurul. 2019. “Komunitas Difabel Dalam Sejarah dan Historiografi Awal Islam.” In Islam Dalam Goresan Pena Budaya, Yogyakarta: Diva Press, 141–60.
Handayana, Sri. 2016. “Difabel dalam Alquran.” INKLUSI Journal of Disability Studies 3(2): 267–84.
Keumala, Cut Rezha Nanda. 2016. “Pengaruh Konsep Desain Universal Terhadap Tingkat Kemandirian Difabel: Studi Kasus Masjid UIN Sunan Kalijaga dan Masjid Universitas Gadjah Mada.” INKLUSI Journal of Disability Studies 3(1): 19–40.
Kholilah Mukaromah. 2012. “Difabel Dalam Perspektif Alquran: Kajian Tafsir Tematik.” Skripsi. UIN Sunan Kalijaga.
Kustiani, Rini. 2019. “Pengguna Kursi Roda Kerap Dilarang Masuk Masjid, Ini Solusinya.” Tempo. https://difabel.tempo.co/read/1213450/pengguna-kursi-roda-kerap-dilarang-masuk-masjid-ini-solusinya (September 24, 2023).
LBM PBNU. 2018. Fiqih Penguatan Penyandang Disabilitas. Jakarta: Lembaga Bahtsul Masail PBNU.
Maftuhin, Arif. 2014a. “Aksesibilitas Ibadah bagi Difabel: Studi atas Empat Masjid di Yogyakarta.” INKLUSI Journal of Disability Studies 1(2): 249–68.
———. 2014b. “Mendengarkan Khutbah Adalah Hak (Juga).” Arif Maftuhin. https://www.maftuh.in/2014/01/mendengarkan-khutbah-adalah-hak-juga.html (March 2, 2022).
———. 2019. Masjid Ramah Difabel: Dari Fikih Ke Praktik Aksesibilitas. Yogyakarta: LKiS.
———. 2020. “Fikih Disabilitas: Dari Dispensasi Ke Advokasi.” In Islam dan Disabilitas: Dari Teks Ke Konteks, Yogyakarta: Gading.
———. 2020. Islam Dan Disabilitas: Dari Teks Ke Konteks. Yogyakarta: Gading.
———. 2021. “Mosques for All: Nahdlatul Ulama and the Promotion of the Rights of People with Disabilities.” Journal of Indonesian Islam 15(2): 247.
———. 2024. “Islamic Law, Disability, and Women in Indonesia: The Cases of Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah.” Journal of Disability & Religion 28(1): 13–27.
Maftuhin, Arif, and Liana Aisyah. 2020. Disability Studies Di UIN Sunan Kalijaga: Kebijakan, Riset, Dan Publikasi. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Pusat Layanan Difabel (PLD) and Penerbit Samudra Biru.
Maftuhin, Arif, and Abidah Muflihati. 2022. “The Fikih Difabel of Muhammadiyah: Context, Content, and Aspiration to an Inclusive Islam.” Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies 12(2): 341–67.
Masyhuri, A. Aziz. ed. 2004. 1 Masalah Keagamaan: Hasil Muktamar dan Munas Ulama Nahdlatul Ulama Kesatu/1926 s/d Ketiga Puluh/2000. Jakarta: Qultum Media.
Muhammad Amin Madani. 2019. “Menengok Masjid Ramah Disabilitas di Ciganjur.” Republika Online. https://www.republika.co.id/berita/ps66ft283/menengok-masjid-ramah-disabilitas-di-ciganjur (December 30, 2020).
Muḥammad Syahrūr. 1992. Al-Kitāb Wa al-Qur’ān: Qirā’ah Mu’āṣirah. Damascus: Sīnā’ li al-Naṣr wa al-Ahaly.
Mustarjudin, Mustarjudin. 2017. “Efektivitas Juru Bahasa Isyarat Khutbah di Masjid UIN Sunan Kalijaga.” INKLUSI Journal of Disability Studies 4(2): 271–96.
Muttaqin, Ahmad. 2019. “Etika Sosial Terhadap Difabel Netra: Analisis Semantik Alquran.” INKLUSI 6(1): 71–92.
al-Rāzī, Fakhr al-Dīn b. Muḥammad b. al-Ḥusain. 3 Al-Maḥṣūl Fī ‘Ilm Uṣūl al-Fiqh. Muassasah al-Risalah.
Ribas. 2018. “Majelis Tarjih dan MPM Adakan Workshop Fikih Difabel.” Suara Muhammadiyah. https://suaramuhammadiyah.id/2018/12/03/majelis-tarjih-dan-mpm-adakan-workshop-fikih-difabel/ (August 27, 2021).
Rispler-Chaim, Vardit. 2007. Disability in Islamic Law. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer.
Ro’fah et al. 2015. Fikih (Ramah) Difabel. Yogyakarta: Q-Media.
Syams al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Qāsim b. Muḥammad al-Ghazzī. 2005. Fatḥ Al-Qarīb Fī Syarḥ Alfāẓ al-Taqrīb. ed. Bassam Abd al-Wahhab. Beirut: Dar Ibn Hazm.
Tim Penyusun Materi Munas Tarjih Muhammadiyah XXXI. 2020. “Materi Musyawarah Nasional Tarjih Muhammadiyah XXXI: Mewujudkan Nilai-Nilai Keislaman yang Maju dan Mencerahkan.”
Waryono. 2012. “Difabilitas Dalam Al-Qur’an.” In Membincang Islam dan Difabilitas, Yogyakarta: PSLD UIN Sunan Kalijaga.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36712/sdi.v30i3.35011 Abstract - 0
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
All publication by Studia Islamika are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Studia Islamika, ISSN: 0215-0492, e-ISSN: 2355-6145
View My Stats