Determinants of Indonesian Sugar Import
Abstract
Indonesian sugar imports have increased due to a steady increase in sugar consumption, while domestic sugar output has increased but has not kept pace with consumption. This study aims to examine the impact of sugar consumption, income per capita, sugarcane harvested area, and sugarcane productivity on sugar imports in Indonesia. The data in this study include time series data from 1995 to 2021 that were analyzed using multiple regression. Sugar consumption and income per capita have a statistically significant positive effect on sugar import, whereas sugarcane harvested area and sugarcane productivity significantly negatively affect sugar import. Several policy options for reducing sugar imports are recommended, including reducing sugar consumption through education and healthy lifestyle programs, extending sugarcane-harvested areas, and rejuvenating and building new sugar mill.
JEL Classification: F14, C22
How to Cite:
Inayaturrohmah, W. P., Istiqomah & Gunawan, R.S. (2023). Determinant of Sugar Import. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(2), 275-286. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i2.28044.
Keywords
References
Apriawan, D. C., Irham, I., & Mulyo, J. H. (2016). Analisis Produksi Tebu dan Gula di PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII (Persero). Agro Ekonomi, 26(2), 159-170. https://doi.org/10.22146/agroekonomi.17268.
Arifin, B. (2008). Ekonomi Swasembada Gula. Economic Review, 211, 1-12.
Arun, J., & Premkumar, A. (2022). Sugarcane growth in India: Problems and Prospects. SAARC Journal of Agriculture, 20(2), 133–144. https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v20i2.63575.
Association of Indonesian Sugar. (2020). Reinventing New Sugar Policy Towards National Food Resilience in Commemoration of Historical Milestone. Proceeding at the National Sugar Summit 2020, 1-57. AGI IKAGI.
Fudhlaa, A. F., Rachmawati, W., & Retnowati, D. (2021). Analysis of Sugar Import Policy Effects on Sugar Cane Farmer’s Income in East Java: A System Dynamic Approach. IOP Conference Seres: Material Science Engineering, 1072, 012023. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1072/1/012023.
Fuller, K., Kennedy, P. L., Hall, M. D. W., & Rouge, B. (2019). A Determination of Factors Influencing Sugar Trade. International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics, 7(1), 19–29.
Hairani, R. I., Aji, J. M. M., & Januar, J. (2014). Analisis Trend Produksi dan Impor Gula Serta Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi impor Gula Indonesia. Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian, 1(4), 77–85. https://doi.org/10.2307/1937742.
Hermawan, I., & Rasbin. (2012). Analisis Penggunaan Luas Lahan Tebu dan Padi Terkait dengan Pencapaian Swasembada Gula di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi & Kebijakan Publik, 3(1), 47–63. https://doi.org/10.22212/jekp.v3i1.173.
Ingesti, P. V, & Handojo, B. (2019). Impor Gula Mentah (Raw Sugar) Versus Swasembada Gula. Majalah Ilmiah Bahari Jogja, 17(2), 98–109. https://doi.org/10.33489/mibj.v17i2.214.
Keerthipala, A. P. (2016). Development of Sugar Industry in Sri Lanka. Sugar Tech, 18(6), 612–626. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-016-0485-3.
Kurniasari, R. I., Darwanto, D. H., & Widodo, S. (2015). Permintaan Gula Kristal Mentah Indonesia. Ilmu Pertanian, 18(1), 24–30. https://doi.org/doi:10.22146/ipas.6173.
Maitah, M., & Smutka, L. (2016). Restoration and Growth of the Russian Sugar Market. Sugar Tech, 18(2), 115–123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-015-0383-0.
Marpaung, Y. T. F., Hutagaol, P., Limbong, W., & Kusnadi, N. (2011). Perkembangan Industri Gula Indonesia dan Urgensi Swasembada Gula Nasional. Indonesian Journal of Agriculture Economics, 2(1), 1-14. http://doi.org/10.31258/ijae.2.1.1-14.
Ministry of Agriculture. (2019). Outlook Komoditas Perkebunan Tebu. Jakarta: Ministry of Agriculture.
Ministry of Agriculture. (2020). Outlook Komoditas Perkebunan Tebu. Jakarta: Ministry of Agriculture.
Ministry of Trade. (2015). Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan No. 117/M-DAG/PER/12/2015 tentang Ketentuan Impor Gula. Jakarta: Ministry of Trade.
Mudzofar, A., & Bowo, A. P. (2020). Analisis Determinan Impor Gula Indonesia. EFFICIENT Indonesian Journal of Development Economics, 3(3), 880–893. https://doi.org/10.15294/efficient.v3i3.43508.
Muhaimin, W., & Sari, D. (2019a). Factors Affecting the Demand and Import of Indonesian Sugar. Journal of Global Economics, 7(2), 1-3.
Najafi, P., Sani, M. F., Bostan, Y., & Ardakani, F. (2020). Estimation of Iran’s Sugar Import Demand Function (ARDL approach). Journal of Sugar Beet, 35(2), 207–216. https://doi.org/10.22092/jsb.2020.127496.1226.
Nurjanah, S. (2015). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Impor Gula di Indonesia. Economics Development Analysis Journal, 4(2), 182–191. https://doi.org/10.15294/edaj.v4i2.14822.
Pipitpukdee, S., Attavanich, W., & Bejranonda, S. (2020). Climate Change Impacts on Sugarcane Production in Thailand. Atmosphere, 11(4), 408. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11040408.
Popescu, A. (2022). The Importance of Production and Import for Ensuring Food Availability in Romania. Scientific Papers Series Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development, 22(1), 533-548.
Prabowo, D. W. (2014). Pengelompokan Komoditi Bahan Pangan Pokok dengan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process. Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan, 8(2), 163–182. https://doi.org/10.30908/bilp.v8i2.81.
Rahayu, S. E. (2017). Analisis Perkembangan Impor Gula di Indonesia. Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Publik, 2(2), 1-10.
Rahman, M. S., Khatun, S., & Rahman, M. K. (2016). Sugarcane and Sugar Industry in Bangladesh: An Overview. Sugar Tech, 18(6), 627–635. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-016-0489-z.
Rumánková, L., & Smutka, L. (2013). Global Sugar Market - The Analysis of Factors Influencing Supply and Demand. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 463–471. https://doi.org/doi:10.11118/actaun201361020463.
Saputra, I. K. E., & Swara, I. W. Y. (2014). Pengaruh Produksi, Konsumsi, Harga Eceran, Inflasi dan Kurs Dollar AS terhadap Impor Gula Indonesia. E-Jurnal EP Unud, 3 (8), 356–365.
Siringo, H. B., & Daulay, M. (2014). Analisis Keterkaitan Produktivitas Pertanian dan Impor Beras di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan, 2(8), 488–499.
Solomon, S. (2016). Sugarcane Production and Development of Sugar Industry in India. Sugar Tech, 18, 588-602. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-016-0494-2.
Solomon, S., Swapna, M., Xuan, V. T., & Mon, Y. Y. (2016). Development of Sugar Industry in ASEAN Countries. Sugar Tech, 18(6), 559–575. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-016-0497-z.
Sugiyanto, C. (2007). Permintaan Gula di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 8(2), 113–127. https://doi.org/doi:10.23917/jep.v8i2.1036.
Suriani, & Putra, J. (2012). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Permintaan Gula di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomika Universitas Almuslim Bireuen-Aceh, 3(6), 1–9.
Tando, E. (2017). Review : Peningkatan Produktivitas Tebu (Saccarum Officinarum I.) pada Lahan Kering Melalui Pemanfaatan Bahan Organik dan Bahan Pelembab Tanah Sintesis. Jurnal Biotropika, 5(3), 90–96. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2017.005.03.6.
USDA. (2018). Indonesia Sugar Annual Report. USDA Foreign Agriculture Service.
Yunitasari, D., Hakim, D. B., Juanda, B., & Nurmalina, R. (2015). Menuju Swasembada Gula Nasional: Model Kebijakan untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Gula dan Pendapatan Petani Tebu di Jawa Timur. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Publik, 6(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.22212/jekp.v6i1.160.
Zainuddin, A., & Wibowo, R. (2018). Analisis Potensi Produksi Tebu dengan Pendekatan Fungsi Produksi Frontir di PT Perkebunan Nusantara X. Jurnal Pangan, 27(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.33964/jp.v27i1.404.
DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v12i2.28044
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.