Identifikasi Mikroplastik Pada Insang dan Saluran Pencernaan Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos) dari Tambak Tradisional Kecamatan Sedati, Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Abstract
Abstrak
Sampah plastik di perairan akibat dari peningkatan populasi manusia menjadi sumber kontaminasi mikroplastik pada ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos) di sistem tambak tradisional di kecamatan Sedati kabupaten Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tipe dan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan bandeng serta polimer yang terkandung dalam mikroplastik. Jenis penelitian termasuk ke dalam penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksploratif. Metode penentuan lokasi menggunakan purposive sampling pada 3 stasiun dengan 3 pengulangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 3 tipe mikroplastik yaitu fiber, fragment, dan film dengan nilai kelimpahan tertinggi diperoleh pada tipe fiber yaitu 11,11 partikel/individu (insang) dan 9,05 partikel/individu (saluran pencernaan) dari sampel stasiun 2. Nilai mikroplastik yang ditemukan di insang paling tinggi nilai kelimpahannya (2,34 partikel/individu) dibandingkan dengan yang terdapat pada saluran pencernaan (1,86 partikel/individu). Sedangkan jenis polimer yang ditemukan adalah nilon (poliamida), polivinil klorida (PVC), dan low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Oleh karena itu, berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang didapatkan perlu diteliti lebih lanjut nilai lethal dosis mikroplastik dan pengaruh yang ditimbulkan sebagai akibat ditemukannya berbagai tipe mikroplastik pada organ insang dan saluran pencernaan terhadap pertumbuhan ikan bandeng.
Abstract
Plastic waste in waters that is increased by the human population is the most common source of microplastic contamination in milkfish (Chanos chanos) from the traditional pond system at Sedati district Sidoarjo regency. This research aims to identify the microplastic type, abundance, and polymers in the microplastics. This type of research includes qualitative and quantitative descriptive with an explorative approach. The location determination method uses purposive sampling at 3 stations with 3 repetitions. The study revealed three types of microplastics, which are fiber, fragment, and film with fiber exhibiting the highest abundance at 11,11 particles/ind in gills, while gastrointestinal tracts showed 9.05 particles/ind at station 2. Additionally, Chanos chanos gills displayed the highest microplastic abundance (2.34 particles/ind) compared to the gastrointestinal tract (1.86 particles/ind). The study identified various polymers within the microplastics, including nylon (polyamide), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Further research is needed to determine the lethal dosage of microplastics and their specific effects on Chanos chanos growth in both the gill and gastrointestinal tract.
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