Colletotrichum spp. Penyebab Penyakit Antraknosa Pada Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum) di Ciapus, Bogor, Jawa Barat
Abstract
Abstrak
Antraknosa merupakan penyakit utama penyebab rendahnya produksi cabai. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi Colletotrichum penyebab penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman cabai di Ciapus, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Identifikasi morfologi dilakukan dengan mengamati pertumbuhan, warna, dan bentuk koloni miselium. Karakter mikromorfologi dievaluasi dengan mengamati bentuk, panjang, dan lebar konidia. Identifikasi secara molekuler dengan mengamplifikasi DNA cendawan menggunakan primer ITS5F dan ITS4R, sekuensing, analisis BLAST, serta analisis filogeni. Uji patogenititas dilakukan dengan menginokulasi buah cabai menggunakan 20 mL suspensi inokulum (105 konidia/mL), dilanjutkan dengan mengamati luas gejala hingga 6 hari setelah inokulasi (hsi). Semua isolat menunjukkan koloni berbentuk bulat, berwarna putih dan keabuan dengan kecepatan tumbuh koloni berkisar antara 2,0–6,4 mm/hari. Keempat isolat memproduksi konidia berbentuk silindris, berujung tumpul dengan panjang dan lebar yang beragam. Hasil analisis molekuler menunjukkan bahwa isolat CSColl-2, CSColl-3, dan CSColl-4 teridentifikasi sebagai Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, sedangkan CSColl-7 sebagai C. brevisporum. Semua isolat patogenik terhadap buah cabai yang diuji menyebabkan luas gejala berkisar antara 3,6–10,0 mm2. Informasi spesies Colletotrichum spp. dari penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk menentukan tindakan pengendalian yang tepat dan prapemuliaan perakitan cabai tahan penyakit antraknosa.
Abstract
Anthracnose is the main disease causing low chili production. This research aims to identify Colletotrichum which causes anthracnose disease in chili plants in Ciapus, Bogor, West Java. Morphological identification is carried out by observing the growth, color and shape of the mycelium colonies. Micromorphological characters were evaluated by observing the shape, length and width of the conidia. Molecular identification by amplifying fungus DNA using primers ITS5F and ITS4R, sequencing, BLAST analysis, and phylogeny analysis. The pathogenicity test was carried out by inoculating chili fruit using 20 μL of inoculum suspension (105 conidia/mL), followed by observing the extent of symptoms up to 6 days after inoculation (hsi). All isolates showed round, white and gray colonies with colony growth speeds ranging from 2.0–6.4 mm/day. The four isolates produced cylindrical, blunt-tipped conidia with varying lengths and widths. The results of molecular analysis showed that isolates CSColl-2, CSColl-3, and CSColl-4 were identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, while CSColl-7 was C. brevisporum. All pathogenic isolates tested for chili fruit caused symptom areas ranging from 3.6–10.0 mm2. Species information Colletotrichum spp. This research is useful for determining appropriate control measures and pre-breeding of anthracnose-resistant chili plants.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v16i2.1.27460 Abstract - 0 PDF - 0
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